B16-Test Beamline
DIAD-Dual Imaging and Diffraction Beamline
E01-JEM ARM 200CF
E02-JEM ARM 300CF
I08-Scanning X-ray Microscopy beamline (SXM)
I12-JEEP: Joint Engineering, Environmental and Processing
I13-1-Coherence
I13-2-Diamond Manchester Imaging
I14-Hard X-ray Nanoprobe
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Open Access
Abstract: Hard dental tissues possess a complex hierarchical structure that is particularly evident in enamel, the most mineralised substance in the human body. Its complex and interlinked organisation at the Ångstrom (crystal lattice), nano-, micro-, and macro-scales is the result of evolutionary optimisation for mechanical and functional performance: hardness and stiffness, fracture toughness, thermal, and chemical resistance. Understanding the physical–chemical–structural relationships at each scale requires the application of appropriately sensitive and resolving probes. Synchrotron X-ray techniques offer the possibility to progress significantly beyond the capabilities of conventional laboratory instruments, i.e., X-ray diffractometers, and electron and atomic force microscopes. The last few decades have witnessed the accumulation of results obtained from X-ray scattering (diffraction), spectroscopy (including polarisation analysis), and imaging (including ptychography and tomography). The current article presents a multi-disciplinary review of nearly 40 years of discoveries and advancements, primarily pertaining to the study of enamel and its demineralisation (caries), but also linked to the investigations of other mineralised tissues such as dentine, bone, etc. The modelling approaches informed by these observations are also overviewed. The strategic aim of the present review was to identify and evaluate prospective avenues for analysing dental tissues and developing treatments and prophylaxis for improved dental health.
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Apr 2023
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DIAD-Dual Imaging and Diffraction Beamline
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Abstract: The DIAD beamline at Diamond Light Source is a new dual-beam instrument for quasi-simultaneous full-field imaging and powder diffraction. DIAD enables its users to visualise internal structures (in 2- and 3D) as well as identify and measure compositional and strain changes. The aim is to enable in-situ and in-operando experiments that require spatially correlated results from both X-ray Computed Tomography and X-ray Powder Diffraction. DIAD has two independent beams in the medium energy range (8-38keV) that are generated from a single source 10-pole wiggler. Both beams are combined at one sample position. Here, radiography and/or tomography can be performed using either a monochromatic or pink beam, with a 1.4 mm x 1.2mm field of view and a pixel size of 0.5 µm. Micro-diffraction is possible with a variable beam size between 13µm x 5 µm up to 50 µm x 50µm. The talk will start with a description of the multi-modal capabilities of DIAD and the unique data collection pipeline that has been developed to reduce post-processing workloads. This will be followed by recent results from the fields of material science and bioengineering. Finally, the talk will conclude by giving the audience tips on how to gain access to DIAD.
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Oct 2022
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DIAD-Dual Imaging and Diffraction Beamline
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Diamond Proposal Number(s):
[30995]
Open Access
Abstract: The DIAD beamline for Dual Imaging and Diffraction at Diamond Light Source has opted to use an industrial robot to position its Dectris Pilatus 2M CdTe diffraction detector. This setup was chosen to enable flexible positioning of the detector in a quarter-sphere around the sample position whilst reliably holding the large weight of 139 kg of detector, detector mount and cabling in a stable position. Metrology measurements showed that the detector can be positioned with a linear repeatability of <19.7 µm and a rotational repeatability of <16.3 µrad. The detector position stays stable for a 12 h period with <10.1 µm of movement for linear displacement and <3.8 µrad for rotational displacement. X-ray diffraction from calibration samples confirmed that the robot is sufficiently stable to resolve lattice d-spacings within the instrumental broadening given by detector position and beam divergence.
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Jul 2022
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DIAD-Dual Imaging and Diffraction Beamline
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Christina
Reinhard
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Michael
Drakopoulos
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Sharif I.
Ahmed
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Hans
Deyhle
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Andrew
James
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Christopher M.
Charlesworth
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Martin
Burt
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John
Sutter
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Steven
Alexander
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Peter
Garland
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Thomas
Yates
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Russell
Marshall
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Ben
Kemp
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Edmund
Warrick
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Armando
Pueyos
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Ben
Bradnick
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Maurizio
Nagni
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A. Douglas
Winter
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Jacob
Filik
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Mark
Basham
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Nicola
Wadeson
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Oliver N. F.
King
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Navid
Aslani
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Andrew J.
Dent
Open Access
Abstract: The Dual Imaging and Diffraction (DIAD) beamline at Diamond Light Source is a new dual-beam instrument for full-field imaging/tomography and powder diffraction. This instrument provides the user community with the capability to dynamically image 2D and 3D complex structures and perform phase identification and/or strain mapping using micro-diffraction. The aim is to enable in situ and in operando experiments that require spatially correlated results from both techniques, by providing measurements from the same specimen location quasi-simultaneously. Using an unusual optical layout, DIAD has two independent beams originating from one source that operate in the medium energy range (7–38 keV) and are combined at one sample position. Here, either radiography or tomography can be performed using monochromatic or pink beam, with a 1.4 mm × 1.2 mm field of view and a feature resolution of 1.2 µm. Micro-diffraction is possible with a variable beam size between 13 µm × 4 µm and 50 µm × 50 µm. One key functionality of the beamline is image-guided diffraction, a setup in which the micro-diffraction beam can be scanned over the complete area of the imaging field-of-view. This moving beam setup enables the collection of location-specific information about the phase composition and/or strains at any given position within the image/tomography field of view. The dual beam design allows fast switching between imaging and diffraction mode without the need of complicated and time-consuming mode switches. Real-time selection of areas of interest for diffraction measurements as well as the simultaneous collection of both imaging and diffraction data of (irreversible) in situ and in operando experiments are possible.
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Nov 2021
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