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Abstract: The RADIA is a three-dimensional magnetostatic code that refers to the optimization and design of undulators. The field integrals and mapping of the undulators are calculated in RADIA. This paper shows the design of a 40-mm period undulator for the university laboratory at DAVV. The angular offset and trajectory offset of the electron are calculated for the 8-Mev electron beam. It is shown that a cut in magnet block corners helps the mechanical holding of the magnets to the magnet keeper with a reduced field integral.

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Abstract: The main factors that cause the X-ray beam to drift are discussed in this chapter. Issues such as movement of the source or mechanical and thermal instabilities of the main optical elements of the beamline are translated into movement of the X-ray beam at the sample, intensity drifts and nonlinearities on the energy scale, affecting the quality of the data collected. The main steps that need to be taken to prevent and/or minimize the effects of these drifts are described, and approaches such as feedback systems are presented. The polarization of the beam delivered by the different types of X-ray sources used for synchrotron-based spectroscopy experiments is also presented. The on-axis and off-axis polarizations of the bending magnet and insertion devices such as wigglers and undulators are discussed.

Open Access

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Abstract: The APPLE-Knot undulator has been proposed to reduce the large on-axis heat load of the APPLE-II at very low photon energy. However, the current designs have an inherent non-zero second field integral due to the Knot sections, resulting in a transverse deflection of the electron beam throughout the undulator. For a long device, such a deviation can degrade the brightness and power distribution of the outgoing beam. Here, a new end-Knot section is presented to compensate for the electron trajectory, and the undulator is symmetrized to balance the output power distribution. The performance of the APPLE-Knot with symmetric power distribution is investigated. The partial power, flux, and polarization are compared with the APPLE-II. In the linear mode, APPLE-Knot shows a pronounced reduction of the partial power, with a similar flux to the APPLE-II. The symmetric power density distribution reduces the hotspot by 41%, with a flux loss of less than 5%. In the circular mode and at low photon energies, the flux is limited by the phase error of the symmetric design.

Open Access

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Abstract: When investigating the effect of insertion devices (IDs) on storage ring operations, it is not possible to simulate all of the large number of gap, phase and field settings that are available. This can be of particular concern for transient effects in IDs that are moved frequently, or APPLE-II devices which may use many different polarisation states. We therefore present measurements of the impact of selected IDs on various parameters in the current Diamond storage ring including orbit distortion, tunes, chromaticity and emittance, and assess the expected impact when applied to the Diamond-II lattice.

Open Access

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Abstract: Synchrotron radiation provides a number of outstanding features that are highly valuable for X-ray imaging and tomography. One of them is the partial coherence of the radiation, which is explored at the X-ray Imaging and Coherence beamline (I13) at Diamond Light Source. The variety of methods employed at the beamline offer imaging with the highest quality. We discuss the benefi t of imaging with coherent radiation and describe methods and applications available at Diamond’s I13 beamline.