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11 items found (0 items not approved), displaying 1 to 10.[First/Prev] 1, 2 [Next/Last]

Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published
VMXm-Versatile Macromolecular Crystallography microfocus	A sample preparation pipeline for microcrystals at the VMXm beamline Adam D. Crawshaw , Emma V. Beale , Anna Warren , Andrew Stallwood , Graham Duller , Jose Trincao , Gwyndaf Evans Journal Of Visualized Experiments DOI: 10.3791/62306 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The mounting of microcrystals (<10 µm) for single crystal cryo-crystallography presents a non-trivial challenge. Improvements in data quality have been seen for microcrystals with the development of beamline optics, beam stability and variable beam size focusing from submicron to microns, such as at the VMXm beamline at Diamond Light Source. Further improvements in data quality will be gained through improvements in sample environment and sample preparation. Microcrystals inherently generate weaker diffraction, therefore improving the signal-to-noise is key to collecting quality X-ray diffraction data and will predominantly come from reductions in background noise. Major sources of X-ray background noise in a diffraction experiment are from their interaction with the air path before and after the sample, excess crystallization solution surrounding the sample, the presence of crystalline ice and scatter from any other beamline instrumentation or X-ray windows. The VMXm beamline comprises instrumentation and a sample preparation protocol to reduce all these sources of noise. Firstly, an in-vacuum sample environment at VMXm removes the air path between X-ray source and sample. Next, sample preparation protocols for macromolecular crystallography at VMXm utilize a number of processes and tools adapted from cryoTEM. These include copper grids with holey carbon support films, automated blotting and plunge cooling robotics making use of liquid ethane. These tools enable the preparation of hundreds of microcrystals on a single cryoTEM grid with minimal surrounding liquid on a low-noise support. They also minimize the formation of crystalline ice from any remaining liquid surrounding the crystals. We present the process for preparing and assessing the quality of soluble protein microcrystals using visible light and scanning electron microscopy before mounting the samples on the VMXm beamline for X-ray diffraction experiments. We will also provide examples of good quality samples as well as those which require further optimization and strategies to do so.	Jun 2021
B16-Test Beamline Optics	Optical elements for dynamically broadening the focus of micro-focus optics at synchrotron x-ray sources David Laundy , Kawal Sawhney , Vishal Dhamgaye , Graham Duller , Gwyndaf Evans , Jose Trincao , Anna Warren Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation – SRI2018 DOI: 10.1063/1.5084637 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Third generation synchrotron radiation sources offer the possibility of using high demagnification ratio optics to achieve a micro-focused X-ray beam profile of size less than one micrometre size. This is highly advantageous for a variety of experiments. There is however also a requirement for the capability to dynamically broaden the micro-focused beam size during an experiment. As is described in this paper, this can be achieved using a specially profiled X-ray mirrors or by using custom designed refractive optics. These two approaches have the effect of introducing a controlled distortion onto the X-ray wavefront and when the wavefront propagates to the focal plane, the distortion determines the intensity profile of the X-ray beam.	Jan 2019
	The use of AM technologies for HV and UHV components and vessels A. Stallwood , D. J. Butler , G. M. A. Duller MEDSI2018 DOI: 10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2018-TUPH34 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: AM technology (3D Printing) in plastics and metals has now been in commercial use for over 30 years. However, the application of this technology in vacuum environments has been limited, due to the material porosity and additives used in the manufacturing techniques. This paper reports on the testing and use of FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) PEEK and DMLS (Direct Metal Laser Sintering) metal components inside a UHV environment. Specifically covering the use of DMLS to successfully produce a complex vacuum vessel operating at 10⁻⁶ mbar, as used on the new VMXm beamline at Diamond Light Source. Vacuum testing the vessel has demonstrated that this manufacturing technique has the potential to produce vessels that are capable of holding 10-10mbar.	Dec 2018
I20-Scanning-X-ray spectroscopy (XAS/XES) Optics	The scanning four-bounce monochromator for beamline I20 at the Diamond Light Source Shusaku Hayama , Graham Duller , John Sutter , Monica Amboage , Roberto Boada , Adam Freeman , Luke Keenan , Brian Nutter , Leo Cahill , Pete Leicester , Ben Kemp , Nicholas Rubies , Sofia Diaz-Moreno Journal Of Synchrotron Radiation 25 DOI: 10.1107/S1600577518008974 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: A description of the technical and design details of a scanning four-bounce crystal monochromator that has recently been commissioned for the Versatile X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) beamline at Diamond Light Source is presented. This device consists of two independent rotary axes of unique design which are synchronized using a multiple read-head encoder system. This monochromator is shown to be capable of maintaining the flux throughput of the Bragg axes without the need of any external feedback mechanism from 4 to 20 keV. The monochromator is currently equipped with cryogenically cooled crystals with the upstream axis consisting of two independent Si(111) crystals and a pair of channel-cut crystals in the downstream axis. The possibility of installing an additional Si(311) crystal-set to extend the energy range to 34 keV is incorporated into the preliminary design of the device. Experimental data are presented showing the exceptional mechanical stability and repeatability of the monochromator axes.	Sep 2018
Optics	F-switch: novel 'random access' manipulator for large numbers of compound refractive G. M. A. Duller , A. Stallwood , D. R. Hall MEDSI2016 DOI: 10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2016-WEPE22 Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The F-Switch is a new concept of device for the manipulation of large arrays of 2D CRLs or similar disc-shaped optical elements (12mm dia, 2mm thick) under high vacuum. Unlike the well-known transfocator devices the optical elements are randomly selectable. This enables a number of potential modes of operation, including the fine adjustment of focal length by adjusting the effective lens centre position when using CRLs or the use of some positions within the array to implement filters or reference foils. Actuation and guidance is achieved within the thickness of the element, so that the overall length of the device is minimised. The device has been in user operation on the I04 MX beamline at Diamond Light Source (DLS) since 2015. Another device is being assembled for use on the I11 beamline at DLS. It is also hoped to install another device on the I03 beamline. We present details of the mechanical design of the FSwitch and some examples of its operation.	Jun 2017
I20-EDE-Energy Dispersive EXAFS (EDE) I20-Scanning-X-ray spectroscopy (XAS/XES) Optics	I20; the Versatile X-ray Absorption spectroscopy beamline at Diamond Light Source Sofia Diaz-moreno , Shusaku Hayama , Monica Amboage , Adam Freeman , Graham Duller , John Sutter 14th International Conference on X-ray absorption fine structure (xafs14) DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/190/1/012038 Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The Versatile Spectroscopy beamline at Diamond Light Source, I20, is currently under construction and aims to begin operation in late 2009 and early 2010. The beamline aims to cover applications from physics, chemistry and biology through materials, environmental and geological science. Three very distinctive modes of operation will be offered at the beamline: scanning X-ray Absorption spectroscopy (XAS), XAS in dispersive mode, and X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES). To achieve this, the beamline has been designed around two independent experimental end-stations operating from a pair of canted wigglers located in a 5m diamond straight section. One branch of the beamline will deliver monochromatic x-ray radiation of high spectral purity to one of the experimental hutches, whilst the other branch will constitute an energy dispersive spectrometer. The novel design of the beamline allows both branches to operate simultaneously.	Jul 2009
B16-Test Beamline Optics	A High Precision, High Stability, Four Bounce Monochromator for Diamond Beamline I20 G. Duller , J. Kay , X. Liu , S. Diaz-moreno , J. Sutter , B. Nutter , B. Dobson MEDSI 2008 Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: A scanning 4 Bounce Crystal Monochromator (4BCM) is being designed for use on Diamond's I20 (versatile spectroscopy) beamline. The instrument will have two independent axes, the first carrying two adjustable crystal sets, the second a pair of channel-cut crystal sets. All will be cryo-cooled. Repeatability of positioning of +/-300nradian is required of each axis to achieve coordination of better than 1microradian to maintain transmitted intensity. We present the development of the design of a high precision goniometer and describe a prototype we have constructed. Test results for a prototype goniometer supported on an air bearing and driven by a direct-drive motor are shown alongside specifications for the operational monochromator.	Oct 2008
Optics	Performance of multi-crystal Bragg X-ray spectrometers under the influence of angular misalignments J. P. Sutter , G. Duller , U. Wagner , S. Hayama , S. Diaz-Moreno Nuclear Instruments And Methods In Physics Research Section A 589, 118 - 131 DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2008.02.018 Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: X-ray beams have long been analyzed by series of Bragg reflections from crystals arranged in various configurations. The dependence of reflectivity and selected wavelength on the beam's incidence angle makes proper crystal alignment crucial, particularly as the number of crystals increases. A list of possible misalignments and a method for calculating their effects on the selected wavelengths, output beam positions, and throughputs are presented here. The following goes beyond the DuMond diagram to include rolls and rotation axis misalignments. These are described for a single crystal, and a ray-tracing method is derived for multiple crystals assuming that the misalignment angles are small. The angles are classified by their lowest-order term. Reflectivities for each ray are calculated by the equations of plane-wave dynamical diffraction theory. Then, as a practical application, sample calculations are discussed for the (+--+)(+--+) four-crystal monochromator being designed for beamline I20 at the Diamond Light Source.	Mar 2008
Magnets Power Supplies	Pulsed Magnets and Pulser Units for the Booster and Storage Ring of the Diamond Light Source J. A. Dobbing , G. M. A. Duller , N. Hauge , G. Hilleke , C. Hansen , V. C. Kempson Tenth European Particle Accelerator Conference (EPAC '06) Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The Diamond booster and storage ring facility has ten pulsed magnet systems, five for the booster (injection and extraction) and five for the storage ring (injection septum and four bump kickers). Each has its own specific requirements although commonality of design has been adopted where possible. Design and construction principles and results of magnet and pulser testing are discussed as is the first use of the magnet systems during beam commissioning.	Jun 2006
Magnets	Magnets for the 3 Gev Booster Synchrotron for the Diamond Light Source S. Mhaskar , C. P. Bailey , V. Kempson , N. Hauge , F. Bodker , L. Helmersen , G. M. A. Duller Tenth European Particle Accelerator Conference (EPAC '06) Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The Diamond Booster is a full energy injector for the Diamond Storage Ring, designed to accelerate an electron beam from 100 MeV to 3 GeV with a 5 Hz repetition rate. This paper describes the main features of the magnetic designs and the magnetic measurements results for the booster magnets which have now been delivered and installed at Diamond.	Jun 2006

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