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Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published
I11-High Resolution Powder Diffraction	Project M: investigating the effect of additives on calcium carbonate crystallisation through a school citizen science program Claire A. Murray , Project M Scientists , Laura Holland , Rebecca O'Brien , Alice Richards , Annabelle Baker , Mark Basham , David Bond , Leigh D. Connor , Sarah J. Day , Jacob Filik , Stuart Fisher , Peter Holloway , Karl Levik , Ronaldo Mercado , Jonathan Potter , Chiu C. Tang , Stephen P. Thompson , Julia E. Parker Crystengcomm 50 DOI: 10.1039/D3CE01173A Diamond Proposal Number(s): [15723] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Calcite and vaterite crystallisation is strongly influenced by the presence of additives during the reaction process, as demonstrated by organic molecules in biogenic calcium carbonate formation. The effect of additives on the lattice parameters of calcite and vaterite in syntheses are frequently reported, but only as discrete studies discussing a single polymorph. The intertwined nature of these polymorphs, due to their shared reaction pathway, is rarely discussed. In this work we report the results of a large scale citizen science project to explore the influence of amino acids and related additives on both polymorphs, highlighting their differences and commonalities in terms of the effect on the lattice parameters and polymorph selectivity.	Jan 2024
Controls	Control system upgrade of the high-pressure cell for pressure-jump X-ray diffraction R. Mercado , N. L. Griffin , P. Holloway , S. C. Lay , P. J. Roberts ICALEPCS2021 DOI: 10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2021-TUPV050 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: This paper reports on the upgrade of the control system of a sample environment used to pressurise samples to 500 MPa at temperatures between -20 °C and 120 °C. The equipment can achieve millisecond pressure jumps for use in X-ray scattering experiments. It has been routinely available in beamline I22 at Diamond. The millisecond pressure-jump capability is unique. Example applications were the demonstration of pressure-induced formation of super crystals from PEGylated gold nanoparticles and the study of controlled assembly and disassembly of nanoscale protein cages. The project goal was to migrate the control system for the improved integration to EPICS and the GDA data acquisition software. The original control system uses National Instruments hardware controlled from LabView. The project looked at mapping the old control system hardware to alternatives in use at Diamond and migrating the control software. The paper discusses the choice of equipment used for ADC acquisition and equipment protection, using Omron PLCs and Beckhoff EtherCAT modules, a custom jump-trigger circuit, the calibration of the system and the next steps for testing the system.	Dec 2021
I22-Small angle scattering & Diffraction	I22: SAXS/WAXS beamline at Diamond Light Source – an overview of 10 years operation Andrew Smith , S. G. Alcock , L. S. Davidson , J. H. Emmins , J. C. Hiller Bardsley , P. Holloway , M. Malfois , A. R. Marshall , C. L. Pizzey , S. E. Rogers , O. Shebanova , T. Snow , J. P. Sutter , E. P. Williams , N. J. Terrill Journal Of Synchrotron Radiation 28 DOI: 10.1107/S1600577521002113 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Beamline I22 at Diamond Light Source is dedicated to the study of soft-matter systems from both biological and materials science. The beamline can operate in the range 3.7 keV to 22 keV for transmission SAXS and 14 keV to 20 keV for microfocus SAXS with beam sizes of 240 µm × 60 µm [full width half-maximum (FWHM) horizontal (H) × vertical (V)] at the sample for the main beamline, and approximately 10 µm × 10 µm for the dedicated microfocusing platform. There is a versatile sample platform for accommodating a range of facilities and user-developed sample environments. The high brilliance of the insertion device source on I22 allows structural investigation of materials under extreme environments (for example, fluid flow at high pressures and temperatures). I22 provides reliable access to millisecond data acquisition timescales, essential to understanding kinetic processes such as protein folding or structural evolution in polymers and colloids.	May 2021

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