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Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published	Actions
I13-2-Diamond Manchester Imaging	Detection and tracking volumes of interest in 3D printed tissue engineering scaffolds using 4D imaging modalities A. I. Kondarage , B. Gayani , G. Poologasundarampillai , A. Nommeots-Nomm , P. D. Lee , T. D. Lalitharatne , N.d. Nanayakkara , J. R. Jones , A. Karunaratne 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC) DOI: 10.1109/EMBC46164.2021.9630587 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [13241] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Additive manufacturing (AM) platforms allow the production of patient tissue engineering scaffolds with desirable architectures. Although AM platforms offer exceptional control on architecture, post-processing methods such as sintering and freeze-drying often deform the printed scaffold structure. In-situ 4D imaging can be used to analyze changes that occur during post-processing. Visualization and analysis of changes in selected volumes of interests (VOIs) over time are essential to understand the underlining mechanisms of scaffold deformations. Yet, automated detection and tracking of VOIs in the 3D printed scaffold over time using 4D image data is currently an unsolved image processing task. This paper proposes a new image processing technique to segment, detect and track volumes of interest in 3D printed tissue engineering scaffolds. The method is validated using a 4D synchrotron sourced microCT image data captured during the sintering of bioactive glass scaffolds in-situ. The proposed method will contribute to the development of scaffolds with controllable designs and optimum properties for the development of patient-specific scaffolds.	Nov 2021
I13-2-Diamond Manchester Imaging	In‐situ 4D tomography image analysis framework to follow sintering within 3D printed glass scaffolds A. I. Kondarage , G. Poologasundarampillai , A. Nommeots-Nomm , P. D. Lee , T. D. Lalitharatne , N. D. Nanayakkara , J. R. Jones , A. Karunaratne Journal Of The American Ceramic Society DOI: 10.1111/jace.18182 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [13241] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: We propose a novel image analysis framework to automate analysis of X-ray micro-tomography images of sintering ceramics and glasses, using open-source toolkits and machine learning. Additive manufacturing (AM) of glasses and ceramics usually requires sintering of green bodies. Sintering causes shrinkage, which presents a challenge for controlling the metrology of the final architecture. Therefore, being able to monitor sintering in 3D over time (termed 4D) is important when developing new porous ceramics or glasses. Synchrotron X-ray tomographic imaging allows in situ, real-time capture of the sintering process at both micro and macro scales using a furnace rig, facilitating 4D quantitative analysis of the process. The proposed image analysis framework is capable of tracking and quantifying the densification of glass or ceramic particles within multiple volumes of interest (VOIs) along with structural changes over time using 4D image data. The framework is demonstrated by 4D quantitative analysis of bioactive glass ICIE16 within a 3D printed scaffold. Here, densification of glass particles within 3 VOIs were tracked and quantified along with diameter change of struts and inter-strut pore size over the 3D image series, delivering new insights on the sintering mechanism of ICIE16 bioactive glass particles in both micro and macro scales.	Oct 2021

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