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Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published	Actions
I06-Nanoscience (XPEEM)	Nanoscale imaging and control of altermagnetism in MnTe O. J. Amin , A. Dal Din , E. Golias , Y. Niu , A. Zakharov , S. C. Fromage , C. J. B. Fields , S. L. Heywood , R. B. Cousins , F. Maccherozzi , J. Krempasky , J. H. Dil , D. Kriegner , B. Kiraly , R. P. Campion , A. W. Rushforth , K. W. Edmonds , S. S. Dhesi , L. Šmejkal , T. Jungwirth , P. Wadley Nature 636, 348 - 353 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08234-x Diamond Proposal Number(s): [36317] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Nanoscale detection and control of the magnetic order underpins a spectrum of condensed-matter research and device functionalities involving magnetism. The key principle involved is the breaking of time-reversal symmetry, which in ferromagnets is generated by an internal magnetization. However, the presence of a net magnetization limits device scalability and compatibility with phases, such as superconductors and topological insulators. Recently, altermagnetism has been proposed as a solution to these restrictions, as it shares the enabling time-reversal-symmetry-breaking characteristic of ferromagnetism, combined with the antiferromagnetic-like vanishing net magnetization. So far, altermagnetic ordering has been inferred from spatially averaged probes. Here we demonstrate nanoscale imaging of altermagnetic states from 100-nanometre-scale vortices and domain walls to 10-micrometre-scale single-domain states in manganese telluride (MnTe). We combine the time-reversal-symmetry-breaking sensitivity of X-ray magnetic circular dichroism12 with magnetic linear dichroism and photoemission electron microscopy to achieve maps of the local altermagnetic ordering vector. A variety of spin configurations are imposed using microstructure patterning and thermal cycling in magnetic fields. The demonstrated detection and controlled formation of altermagnetic spin configurations paves the way for future experimental studies across the theoretically predicted research landscape of altermagnetism, including unconventional spin-polarization phenomena, the interplay of altermagnetism with superconducting and topological phases, and highly scalable digital and neuromorphic spintronic devices.	Dec 2024
I06-Nanoscience (XPEEM)	Nanostructured FeCo films of exceptionally high saturation magnetisation Raul Lopez-Martin , Chris Binns , Benito Santos Burgos , Peter S. Normile , Jose A. De Toro , Andrew Pratt , Toby Bird , Maha Alotaibi , Jack Pearce , David Hesp , Connor Fields , Shengfu Yang , Hanqing Liu , Larissa S. I. Veiga , Sarnjeet S. Dhesi Journal Of Alloys And Compounds 1002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.175223 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [33064] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Nanostructured FeCo films comprising small (2.1 nm mean diameter) Co nanoparticles deposited into an Fe matrix are investigated by magnetometry, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism (XMCD). Similar films were previously reported to possess a saturation magnetisation of up to 3 µB/atom, thus exceeding the Slater-Pauling limit by a significant margin. The present work confirms the previous findings by magnetometry and demonstrates that the Co nanoparticles maintain their particulate identity within the film while adopting the crystallographic structure of the Fe matrix. The films show no evidence for voids or porosity (they exhibit the bulk density). An important factor in the high magnetisation in the films is an enhanced magnetic moment on the Co atoms, which XMCD indicates to be at least 2.21 µB, i.e., 30 % larger than the bulk value for metallic cobalt.	Oct 2024

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