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Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published
I13-1-Coherence	Unveiling nanoscale heterogeneity of strain in MAPbI3 perovskite films using Bragg coherent X-ray diffraction imaging Dong Liang , Zhengtong Yao , Jiecheng Diao , Peng Li , Yuting Xiong , Xiaobin Xu , Ian Robinson , Bo Chen Small 2 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202501920 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [33522] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Cation alloying and substrate morphology control have proved to be effective in controlling strains in perovskite films by macroscale characterizations. However, the nanoscale characterizations of strains are still limited, which hinder the comprehensive understanding of the strain regulation. Here, the strain regulation of MAPbI3 (MA = CH3NH2) is done by Cs (Cesium) alloying and introduction of a nano-structured substrate to the perovskite films. Laboratory X-ray diffraction analysis shows that Cs alloying introduces compressive strain, whereas providing a nano-structured substrate introduces tensile strain. Bragg coherent X-ray diffraction imaging further demonstrates that nanoscale homogeneity of the strain in pure MAPbI3 would be destroyed through 3 at% Cs alloying, as the strain varies from compressive to tensile. Both compressive and tensile domains exist in the perovskite crystals at the same time. The application of a nano-structured substrate is found to cause the nanoscale heterogeneity of strains in the MAPbI3 films. The strain homogeneity caused by combining both 3% Cs alloying and providing a nano-structured substrate is found to enhance the structural stability of perovskite films. The results provide 3D nanoscale monitoring of strains for the purpose of strain regulation, which contributes to further understanding of the strains in perovskite materials.	Jun 2025
B16-Test Beamline Optics	A study of structural effects on the focusing and imaging performance of hard X-rays with 20–30 nm zone plates Xujie Tong , Vishal Dhamgaye , Qiucheng Chen , Qingxin Wu , Biao Deng , Ling Zhang , Oliver Fox , Hongchang Wang , Jun Zhao , Yifang Chen , Zijian Xu , Peng Li , Kawal Sawhney Journal Of Synchrotron Radiation 31 DOI: 10.1107/S1600577524009615 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [32834] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Hard X-ray microscopes with 20–30 nm spatial resolution ranges are an advanced tool for the inspection of materials at the nanoscale. However, the limited efficiency of the focusing optics, for example, a Fresnel zone plate (ZP) lens, can significantly reduce the power of a nanoprobe. Despite several reports on ZP lenses that focus hard X-rays with 20 nm resolution – mainly constructed by zone-doubling techniques – a systematic investigation into the limiting factors has not been reported. We report the structural effects on the focusing and imaging efficiency of 20–30 nm-resolution ZPs, employing a modified beam-propagation method. The zone width and the duty cycle (zone width/ring pitch) were optimized to achieve maximum efficiency, and a comparative analysis of the zone materials was conducted. The optimized zone structures were used in the fabrication of Pt-hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) ZPs. The highest focusing efficiency of the Pt-HSQ-ZP with a resolution of 30 nm was 10% at 7 keV and >5% in the range 6–10 keV, whereas the highest efficiency of the Pt-HSQ-ZP with a resolution of 20 nm was realized at 7 keV with an efficiency of 7.6%. Optical characterization conducted at X-ray beamlines demonstrated significant enhancement of the focusing and imaging efficiency in a broader range of hard X-rays from 5 keV to 10 keV, demonstrating the potential application in hard X-ray focusing and imaging.	Nov 2024
I13-1-Coherence	Coembedding Fe single atom-coupled MoC nanoparticles in N-doped hierarchically porous carbon cubes for oxygen electroreduction Qin Li , Jing Zhao , Peng Li , Zhengrong Xu , Jie Feng , Bo Chen , Rui Liu Acs Nano DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c04068 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [33421] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Promotion of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics, to a large extent, depends on the rational modulation of the electronic structure and mass diffusion of electrocatalysts. Herein, a ferrocene (Fc)–assisted strategy is developed to prepare Fc-trapped ZnMo–hybrid zeolitic imidazolate framework (Fc@ZnMo-HZIF-50) and the derived Fe single atom coupling with MoC nanoparticles, coembedded in hierarchically porous N-doped carbon cubes (MoC@FeNC-50). The introduced Fc is utilized not only as an iron source for single atoms but also as a morphology regulator for generating a hierarchically porous structure. The redistribution of electrons between Fe single atoms and MoC nanoparticles effectively promotes the adsorption of O2 and the formation of *OOH intermediates during the ORR process. Along with a 3D hierarchically porous architecture for enhanced mass transport, the as-fabricated MoC@FeNC-50 presents excellent activity (E1/2 = 0.83 V) and durability (only 9.5% decay in current after 40000 s). This work could inspire valuable insights into the construction of efficient electrocatalysts through electron configuration and kinetics engineering.	Aug 2024

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