Search Results

You searched for all publications:

with publication states 'Published (Approved)'

Search Again...

These results only include publications that have been reviewed and processed by Diamond Light Source. To also view papers that have not yet been processed click here.

You can use the folder icon under Actions to collate papers as required. You can then click on View Folder in the left-hand navigation to review and/or download your folder.

Exact matches
Related results

2 items found (0 items not approved), displaying all items.1

Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published	Actions
I11-High Resolution Powder Diffraction	X-ray powder diffraction study of the stability of clathrate hydrates in the presence of salts with relevance to the Martian cryosphere Emmal Safi , Stephen P. Thompson , Aneurin Evans , Sarah Day , Claire A. Murray , Annabelle R. Baker , Joana M. Oliveira , J. Th. Van Loon Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2018.10.034 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [9703] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Water on the present day Martian surface is thought to exist in two thermally distinct sub-surface reservoirs: as ice in the cryosphere and as groundwater located deeper in the crust. These sub-surface environments are thought to contain saline, rather than pure, water and laboratory studies on whether or not clathrate hydrates can form in such environments are lacking. We fill this gap by performing synchrotron radiation X-ray powder diffraction to investigate the formation and evolution of clathrate hydrates in weak chloride solutions at CO2 pressures, and over temperature ranges, that are similar to those found in the Martian regolith. We have found that clathrate hydrates can form under conditions relevant to the Martian cryosphere, despite the presence of chloride salts. We find that the dissociation temperatures for CO2 clathrate hydrates formed in saline solutions are depressed by 10–20 K relative to those formed in pure water, depending on the nature of the salt and the CO2 pressure. We suggest that the inhibiting effect that salts such as MgCl2, CaCl2 and NaCl have on clathrate hydrate formation could also be related to the salts’ effect on the formation of the low temperature phase of ice. However, despite the inhibiting effect of the salts, we conclude that the presence of clathrate hydrates should still be possible under conditions likely to exist within the Martian cryosphere.	Nov 2018
I11-High Resolution Powder Diffraction	Properties of CO2 clathrate hydrates formed in the presence of MgSO4 solutions with implications for icy moons Emmal Safi , Stephen P. Thompson , A. Evans , S. J. Day , C. A. Murray , J. E. Parker , A. R. Baker , J. M. Oliveira , J. Th. Van Loon Astronomy & Astrophysics DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201629791 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [9703, 11174] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Context. There is evidence to suggest that clathrate hydrates have a significant effect on the surface geology of icy bodies in the Solar System. However the aqueous environments believed to be present on these bodies are likely to be saline rather than pure water. Laboratory work to underpin the properties of clathrate hydrates in such environments is generally lacking. Aims. We aim to fill this gap by carrying out a laboratory investigation of the physical properties of CO2 clathrate hydrates produced in weak aqueous solutions of MgSO4. Methods. We use in situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction to investigate clathrate hydrates formed at high CO2 pressure in ice that has formed from aqueous solutions of MgSO4 with varying concentrations. We measure the thermal expansion, density and dissociation properties of the clathrates under temperature conditions similar to those on icy Solar System bodies. Results. We find that the sulphate solution inhibits the formation of clathrates by lowering their dissociation temperatures. Hysteresis is found in the thermal expansion coefficients as the clathrates are cooled and heated; we attribute this to the presence of the salt in solution. We find the density derived from X-ray powder diffraction measurements is temperature and pressure dependent. When comparing the density of the CO2 clathrates to that of the solution in which they were formed, we conclude that they should sink in the oceans in which they form. We also find that the polymorph of ice present at low temperatures is Ih rather than the expected Ic, which we tentatively attribute to the presence of the MgSO4. Conclusions. We (1) conclude that the density of the clathrates has implications for their behaviour in satellite oceans as their sinking and floating capabilities are temperature and pressure dependent, (2) conclude that the presence of MgSO4 inhibits the formation of clathrates and in some cases may even affect their structure and (3) report the dominance of Ih throughout the experimental procedure despite Ic being the stable phase at low temperature.	Jan 2017

Publications Database

Search Results

You searched for all publications:

Search Again...

Subject Areas (check all that apply) select all

Instruments used to collect data (check all that apply) select all

Collaborations involved (check all that apply) select all

Diamond Offline Facilities used

Relevant Technical Areas (check all that apply) select all

Menu for Anonymous User