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Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published	Actions
B22-Multimode InfraRed imaging And Microspectroscopy I11-High Resolution Powder Diffraction	Refinement of pore size at sub-angstrom precision in robust metal–organic frameworks for separation of xylenes Xiaolin Li , Juehua Wang , Xinran Zhang , Xue Han , Ivan Da Silva , Christopher G. Morris , Shaojun Xu , Damian M. Wilary , Yinyong Sun , Yongqiang Cheng , Claire A. Murray , Chiu C. Tang , Mark D. Frogley , Gianfelice Cinque , Tristan Lowe , Haifei Zhang , Anibal J. Ramirez-Cuesta , K. Mark Thomas , Leslie W. Bolton , Sihai Yang , Martin Schroeder , Nannan Bai Nature Communications 11 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17640-4 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [13247] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The demand for xylenes is projected to increase over the coming decades. The separation of xylene isomers, particularly p- and m-xylenes, is vital for the production of numerous polymers and materials. However, current state-of-the-art separation is based upon fractional crystallisation at 220 K which is highly energy intensive. Here, we report the discrimination of xylene isomers via refinement of the pore size in a series of porous metal–organic frameworks, MFM-300, at sub-angstrom precision leading to the optimal kinetic separation of all three xylene isomers at room temperature. The exceptional performance of MFM-300 for xylene separation is confirmed by dynamic ternary breakthrough experiments. In-depth structural and vibrational investigations using synchrotron X-ray diffraction and terahertz spectroscopy define the underlying host–guest interactions that give rise to the observed selectivity (p-xylene < o-xylene < m-xylene) and separation factors of 4.6–18 for p- and m-xylenes.	Aug 2020
I13-2-Diamond Manchester Imaging	Damage evolution in braided composite tubes under torsion studied by in-situ X-ray computed tomography Yuan Chai , Ying Wang , Zeshan Yousaf , Nghia T. Vo , Tristan Lowe , Prasad Potluri , Philip J. Withers Composites Science And Technology DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2019.107976 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [13704, 18197] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Here we present the first real-time three dimension (3D) observations of damage evolution in a composite tube under torsion. An in-situ torsion test of 1/1 45° (diamond) braided carbon fibre-epoxy circular composite tube was performed on a loading rig and the damage process was characterised by synchrotron X-ray computed tomography (CT). A number of damage modes and their damage sequence has been identified and monitored globally and in more detail within a representative region of interest. In particular, intra-tow cracks and inter-tow debonding have been found to occur almost simultaneously at low shear strains (1.5%). It is noteworthy that inter-tow debonding was initially trapped/limited within repeated braid units before propagating and connecting with other damage modes in 3D. The area fraction of inter-tow debonds was quantified at different stages and it was found to dramatically increase with increasing shear strain beyond 1.5%. The total volume fraction of the observed intra-tow cracks of various forms was seen to grow rapidly beyond shear strain of 2.0%. Beyond the peak shear stress (at shear strain of 2.5%), fibre micro-buckling and kink bands occur in the tows subjected to torsion induced axial compression at crimped regions close to tow crossovers. Tow crossovers control many aspects of damage propagation under torsion, positively by localising inter-tow debonds and negatively by initiating fibre micro-buckling.	Dec 2019

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