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21 items found (0 items not approved), displaying 1 to 10.[First/Prev] 1, 2, 3 [Next/Last]

Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published
I04-Macromolecular Crystallography	Structure-based design of potent and orally active isoindolinone inhibitors of MDM2-p53 protein–protein interaction Gianni Chessari , Ian R. Hardcastle , Jong Sook Ahn , Burcu Anil , Elizabeth Anscombe , Ruth H. Bawn , Luke D. Bevan , Timothy J. Blackburn , Ildiko Buck , Celine Cano , Benoit Carbain , Juan Castro , Ben Cons , Sarah J. Cully , Jane A. Endicott , Lynsey Fazal , Bernard T. Golding , Roger J. Griffin , Karen Haggerty , Suzannah J. Harnor , Keisha Hearn , Stephen Hobson , Rhian S. Holvey , Steven Howard , Claire E. Jennings , Christopher N. Johnson , John Lunec , Duncan C. Miller , David R. Newell , Martin E. M. Noble , Judith Reeks , Charlotte H. Revill , Christiane Riedinger , Jeffrey D. St. Denis , Emiliano Tamanini , Huw Thomas , Neil T. Thompson , Mladen Vinković , Stephen R. Wedge , Pamela A. Williams , Nicola E. Wilsher , Bian Zhang , Yan Zhao Journal Of Medicinal Chemistry DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02188 Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Inhibition of murine double minute 2 (MDM2)-p53 protein–protein interaction with small molecules has been shown to reactivate p53 and inhibit tumor growth. Here, we describe rational, structure-guided, design of novel isoindolinone-based MDM2 inhibitors. MDM2 X-ray crystallography, quantum mechanics ligand-based design, and metabolite identification all contributed toward the discovery of potent in vitro and in vivo inhibitors of the MDM2-p53 interaction with representative compounds inducing cytostasis in an SJSA-1 osteosarcoma xenograft model following once-daily oral administration.	Mar 2021
B21-High Throughput SAXS I04-1-Macromolecular Crystallography (fixed wavelength)	Discriminative SKP2 interactions with CDK-cyclin complexes support a cyclin a-specific role in p27KIP1 degradation Marco Salamina , Bailey C. Montefiore , Mengxi Liu , Daniel J. Wood , Richard Heath , James R. Ault , Lan-Zhen Wang , Svitlana Korolchuk , Arnaud Basle , Martyna Pastok , Judith Reeks , Natalie J. Tatum , Frank Sobott , Stefan T. Arold , Michele Pagano , Martin E. M. Noble , Jane A. Endicott Journal Of Molecular Biology 433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.166795 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [13587, 16970] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The SCFSKP2 ubiquitin ligase relieves G1 checkpoint control of CDK-cyclin complexes by promoting p27KIP1 degradation. We describe reconstitution of stable complexes containing SKP1-SKP2 and CDK1-cyclin B or CDK2-cyclin A/E, mediated by the CDK regulatory subunit CKS1. We further show that a direct interaction between a SKP2 N-terminal motif and cyclin A can stabilize SKP1-SKP2-CDK2-cyclin A complexes in the absence of CKS1. We identify the SKP2 binding site on cyclin A and demonstrate the site is not present in cyclin B or cyclin E. This site is distinct from but overlapping with features that mediate binding of p27KIP1 and other G1 cyclin regulators to cyclin A. We propose that the capacity of SKP2 to engage with CDK2-cyclin A by more than one structural mechanism provides a way to fine tune the degradation of p27KIP1 and distinguishes cyclin A from other G1 cyclins to ensure orderly cell cycle progression.	Mar 2021
I04-1-Macromolecular Crystallography (fixed wavelength) I04-Macromolecular Crystallography	Crystallographic and electrophilic fragment screening of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease Alice Douangamath , Daren Fearon , Paul Gehrtz , Tobias Krojer , Petra Lukacik , C. David Owen , Efrat Resnick , Claire Strain-damerell , Anthony Aimon , Péter Ábrányi-balogh , Jose Brandao-neto , Anna Carbery , Gemma Davison , Alexandre Dias , Thomas D. Downes , Louise Dunnett , Michael Fairhead , James D. Firth , S. Paul Jones , Aaron Keeley , György M. Keserü , Hanna F. Klein , Mathew P. Martin , Martin M. Noble , Peter O’brien , Ailsa Powell , Rambabu N. Reddi , Rachael Skyner , Matthew Snee , Michael J. Waring , Conor Wild , Nir London , Frank Von Delft , Martin A. Walsh Nature Communications 11 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18709-w Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, lacks effective therapeutics. Additionally, no antiviral drugs or vaccines were developed against the closely related coronavirus, SARS-CoV-1 or MERS-CoV, despite previous zoonotic outbreaks. To identify starting points for such therapeutics, we performed a large-scale screen of electrophile and non-covalent fragments through a combined mass spectrometry and X-ray approach against the SARS-CoV-2 main protease, one of two cysteine viral proteases essential for viral replication. Our crystallographic screen identified 71 hits that span the entire active site, as well as 3 hits at the dimer interface. These structures reveal routes to rapidly develop more potent inhibitors through merging of covalent and non-covalent fragment hits; one series of low-reactivity, tractable covalent fragments were progressed to discover improved binders. These combined hits offer unprecedented structural and reactivity information for on-going structure-based drug design against SARS-CoV-2 main protease.	Oct 2020
I04-Macromolecular Crystallography I24-Microfocus Macromolecular Crystallography	Identification of a novel orally bioavailable ERK5 inhibitor with selectivity over p38α and BRD4 Stephanie Myers , Duncan C. Miller , Lauren Molyneux , Mercedes Arasta , Ruth H. Bawn , Timothy Blackburn , Simon J. Cook , Noel Edwards , Jane A. Endicott , Bernard T. Golding , Roger J. Griffin , Tim Hammonds , Ian R. Hardcastle , Suzannah J. Harnor , Amy Heptinstall , Pamela Lochhead , Mathew P. Martin , Nick C. Martin , David R. Newell , Paul J. Owen , Leon C. Pang , Tristan Reuillon , Laurent J. M. Rigoreau , Huw Thomas , Julie A. Tucker , Lan-zhen Wang , Ai-ching Wong , Martin E. M. Noble , Stephen R. Wedge , Celine Cano European Journal Of Medicinal Chemistry DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.057 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [9948, 13587] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Extracellular regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) signalling has been implicated in driving a number of cellular phenotypes including endothelial cell angiogenesis and tumour cell motility. Novel ERK5 inhibitors were identified using high throughput screening, with a series of pyrrole-2-carboxamides substituted at the 4-position with an aroyl group being found to exhibit IC50 values in the micromolar range, but having no selectivity against p38α MAP kinase. Truncation of the N-substituent marginally enhanced potency (∼3-fold) against ERK5, but importantly attenuated inhibition of p38α. Systematic variation of the substituents on the aroyl group led to the selective inhibitor 4-(2-bromo-6-fluorobenzoyl)-N-(pyridin-3-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (IC50 0.82 μM for ERK5; IC50 > 120 μM for p38α). The crystal structure (PDB 5O7I) of this compound in complex with ERK5 has been solved. This compound was orally bioavailable and inhibited bFGF-driven Matrigel plug angiogenesis and tumour xenograft growth. The selective ERK5 inhibitor described herein provides a lead for further development into a tool compound for more extensive studies seeking to examine the role of ERK5 signalling in cancer and other diseases.	May 2019
I03-Macromolecular Crystallography I04-1-Macromolecular Crystallography (fixed wavelength) I04-Macromolecular Crystallography I24-Microfocus Macromolecular Crystallography	FragLites - minimal, halogenated fragments displaying pharmacophore doublets. An efficient approach to druggability assessment and hit generation Daniel J. Wood , José Daniel Lopez-fernandez , Leanne E. Knight , Islam Al-khawaldeh , Conghao Gai , Shengyin Lin , Mathew P. Martin , Duncan C. Miller , Celine Cano , Jane A. Endicott , Ian R. Hardcastle , Martin E. M. Noble , Michael J. Waring Journal Of Medicinal Chemistry DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00304 Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Identifying ligand binding sites on proteins is a critical step in target-based drug discovery. Current approaches to this require resource intensive screening of large libraries of lead-like or fragment molecules. Here we describe an efficient and effective experimental approach to mapping interaction sites using a set of halogenated compounds expressing paired hydrogen-bonding motifs, termed FragLites. The FragLites identify productive drug-like interactions, which are identified sensitively and unambiguously by X-ray crystallography, exploiting the anomalous scattering of the halogen substituent. This mapping of protein interaction surfaces provides an assessment of druggability and can identify efficient start points for the de novo design of hit molecules incorporating the interacting motifs. The approach is illustrated by mapping cyclin-dependent kinase 2, which successfully identifies orthosteric and allosteric sites. The hits were rapidly elaborated to develop efficient lead-like molecules. Hence, the approach provides a new method of identifying ligand sites, assessing tractability and discovering new leads.	Mar 2019
I03-Macromolecular Crystallography I04-1-Macromolecular Crystallography (fixed wavelength) I04-Macromolecular Crystallography I24-Microfocus Macromolecular Crystallography	Differences in the conformational energy landscape of CDK1 and CDK2 suggest a mechanism for achieving selective CDK inhibition Daniel J. Wood , Svitlana Korolchuk , Natalie J. Tatum , Lan-zhen Wang , Jane A. Endicott , Martin E. M. Noble , Mathew P. Martin Cell Chemical Biology DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2018.10.015 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [18598, 13587] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Dysregulation of the cell cycle characterizes many cancer subtypes, providing a rationale for developing cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. Potent CDK2 inhibitors might target certain cancers in which CCNE1 is amplified. However, current CDK2 inhibitors also inhibit CDK1, generating a toxicity liability. We have used biophysical measurements and X-ray crystallography to investigate the ATP-competitive inhibitor binding properties of cyclin-free and cyclin-bound CDK1 and CDK2. We show that these kinases can readily be distinguished by such inhibitors when cyclin-free, but not when cyclin-bound. The basis for this discrimination is unclear from either inspection or molecular dynamics simulation of ligand-bound CDKs, but is reflected in the contacts made between the kinase N- and C-lobes. We conclude that there is a subtle but profound difference between the conformational energy landscapes of cyclin-free CDK1 and CDK2. The unusual properties of CDK1 might be exploited to differentiate CDK1 from other CDKs in future cancer therapeutic design.	Nov 2018
	Identification of a novel ligand for the ATAD2 bromodomain with selectivity over BRD4 through a fragment growing approach Duncan C. Miller , Mathew P. Martin , Santosh Adhikari , Alfie Brennan , Jane A. Endicott , Bernard T. Golding , Ian R. Hardcastle , Amy Heptinstall , Stephen Hobson , Claire Jennings , Lauren Molyneux , Yvonne Ng , Stephen R. Wedge , Martin Noble , Celine Cano Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 21 DOI: 10.1039/C8OB00099A Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: ATAD2 is an ATPase that is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and associated with a poor patient prognosis. This protein has been suggested to function as a cofactor for a range of transcription factors, including the proto-oncogene MYC and the androgen receptor. ATAD2 comprises an ATPase domain, implicated in chromatin remodelling, and a bromodomain which allows it to interact with acetylated histone tails. Dissection of the functional roles of these two domains would benefit from the availability of selective, cell-permeable pharmacological probes. An in silico evaluation of the 3D structures of various bromodomains suggested that developing small molecule ligands for the bromodomain of ATAD2 is likely to be challenging, although recent reports have shown that ATAD2 bromodomain ligands can be identified. We report a structure-guided fragment-based approach to identify lead compounds for ATAD2 bromodomain inhibitor development. Our findings indicate that the ATAD2 bromodomain can accommodate fragment hits (Mr < 200) that yield productive structure–activity relationships, and structure-guided design enabled the introduction of selectivity over BRD4.	Feb 2018
	CCP 4 i 2: the new graphical user interface to the CCP 4 program suite Liz Potterton , Jon Agirre , Charles Ballard , Kevin Cowtan , Eleanor Dodson , Phil R. Evans , Huw T. Jenkins , Ronan Keegan , Eugene Krissinel , Kyle Stevenson , Andrey Lebedev , Stuart J. Mcnicholas , Robert A. Nicholls , Martin Noble , Navraj S. Pannu , Christian Roth , George Sheldrick , Pavol Skubak , Johan Turkenburg , Ville Uski , Frank Von Delft , David Waterman , Keith Wilson , Martyn Winn , Marcin Wojdyr Acta Crystallographica Section D Structural Biology 74, 68 - 84 DOI: 10.1107/S2059798317016035 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The CCP4 (Collaborative Computational Project, Number 4) software suite for macromolecular structure determination by X-ray crystallography groups brings together many programs and libraries that, by means of well established conventions, interoperate effectively without adhering to strict design guidelines. Because of this inherent flexibility, users are often presented with diverse, even divergent, choices for solving every type of problem. Recently, CCP4 introduced CCP4i2, a modern graphical interface designed to help structural biologists to navigate the process of structure determination, with an emphasis on pipelining and the streamlined presentation of results. In addition, CCP4i2 provides a framework for writing structure-solution scripts that can be built up incrementally to create increasingly automatic procedures.	Feb 2018
I04-Macromolecular Crystallography	Structural insights into the enzymatic activity and potential substrate promiscuity of human 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) Judith E. Unterlass , Robert J. Wood , Arnaud Basle , Julie Tucker , Céline Cano , Martin M. E. Noble , Nicola J. Curtin Oncotarget DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22327 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [9948] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Cancer cells reprogram their metabolism and energy production to sustain increased growth, enable metastasis and overcome resistance to cancer treatments. Although primary roles for many metabolic proteins have been identified, some are promiscuous in regards to the reaction they catalyze. To efficiently target these enzymes, a good understanding of their enzymatic function and structure, as well as knowledge regarding any substrate or catalytic promiscuity is required. Here we focus on the characterization of human 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH). PHGDH catalyzes the NAD+-dependent conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to phosphohydroxypyruvate, which is the first step in the de novo synthesis pathway of serine, a critical amino acid for protein and nucleic acid biosynthesis. We have investigated substrate analogues to assess whether PHGDH might possess other enzymatic roles that could explain its occasional over-expression in cancer, as well as to help with the design of specific inhibitors. We also report the crystal structure of the catalytic subunit of human PHGDH, a dimer, solved with bound cofactor in one monomer and both cofactor and L-tartrate in the second monomer. In vitro enzyme activity measurements show that the catalytic subunit of PHGDH is still active and that PHGDH activity could be significantly inhibited with adenosine 5’-diphosphoribose.	Nov 2017
	Molecular profiling and combinatorial activity of CCT068127: A potent CDK2 and CDK9 inhibitor Steven R. Whittaker , Clare Barlow , Mathew Martin , Caterina Mancusi , Steve Wagner , Annette Self , Elaine Barrie , Robert Te Poele , Swee Sharp , Nathan Brown , Stuart Wilson , Wayne Jackson , Peter M. Fischer , Paul A. Clarke , Michael I. Walton , Edward Mcdonald , Julian Blagg , Martin Noble , Michelle D. Garrett , Paul Workman Molecular Oncology DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12148 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [9948] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Deregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple cancer types. Consequently, CDKs have garnered intense interest as therapeutic targets for the treatment of cancer. We describe herein the molecular and cellular effects of CCT068127, a novel inhibitor of CDK2 and CDK9. Optimised from the purine template of seliciclib, CCT068127 exhibits greater potency and selectivity against purified CDK2 and CDK9 and superior antiproliferative activity against human colon cancer and melanoma cell lines. X-ray crystallography studies reveal that hydrogen bonding with the DFG motif of CDK2 is the likely mechanism of greater enzymatic potency. Commensurate with inhibition of CDK activity, CCT068127 treatment results in decreased retinoblastoma protein (RB) phosphorylation, reduced phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II and induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The transcriptional signature of CCT068127 shows greatest similarity to other small molecule CDK and also HDAC inhibitors. CCT068127 caused a dramatic loss in expression of DUSP6 phosphatase, alongside elevated ERK phosphorylation and activation of MAPK pathway target genes. MCL1 protein levels are rapidly decreased by CCT068127 treatment and this associates with synergistic antiproliferative activity after combined treatment with CCT068127 and ABT263, a BCL2-family inhibitor. These findings support the rational combination of this series of CDK2/9 inhibitors and BCL2 family inhibitors for the treatment of human cancer.	Oct 2017

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