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Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published	Actions
I12-JEEP: Joint Engineering, Environmental and Processing	Identifying the Cause of Rupture of Li-Ion Batteries during Thermal Runaway Donal P. Finegan , Eric Darcy , Matthew Keyser , Bernhard Tjaden , Thomas M. M. Heenan , Rhodri Jervis , Josh J. Bailey , Nghia T. Vo , Oxana V. Magdysyuk , Michael Drakopoulos , Marco Di Michiel , Alexander Rack , Gareth Hinds , Dan J. L. Brett , Paul Shearing Advanced Science 5 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700369 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [13884] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: As the energy density of lithium-ion cells and batteries increases, controlling the outcomes of thermal runaway becomes more challenging. If the high rate of gas generation during thermal runaway is not adequately vented, commercial cell designs can rupture and explode, presenting serious safety concerns. Here, ultra-high-speed synchrotron X-ray imaging is used at >20 000 frames per second to characterize the venting processes of six different 18650 cell designs undergoing thermal runaway. For the first time, the mechanisms that lead to the most catastrophic type of cell failure, rupture, and explosion are identified and elucidated in detail. The practical application of the technique is highlighted by evaluating a novel 18650 cell design with a second vent at the base, which is shown to avoid the critical stages that lead to rupture. The insights yielded in this study shed new light on battery failure and are expected to guide the development of safer commercial cell designs.	Oct 2017
I12-JEEP: Joint Engineering, Environmental and Processing	Characterising thermal runaway within lithium-ion cells by inducing and monitoring internal short circuits Donal P. Finegan , Eric Darcy , Matthew Keyser , Bernhard Tjaden , Thomas M. M. Heenan , Rhodri Jervis , Josh J. Bailey , Romeo Malik , Nghia T. Vo , Oxana V. Magdysyuk , Robert Atwood , Michael Drakopoulos , Marco Dimichiel , Alexander Rack , Gareth Hinds , Dan J. L. Brett , Paul R. Shearing Energy Environ. Sci. 5 DOI: 10.1039/C7EE00385D Diamond Proposal Number(s): [13884] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Lithium-ion batteries are being used in increasingly demanding applications where safety and reliability are of utmost importance. Thermal runaway presents the greatest safety hazard, and needs to be fully understood in order to progress towards safer cell and battery designs. Here, we demonstrate the application of an internal short circuiting device for controlled, on-demand, initiation of thermal runaway. Through its use, the location and timing of thermal runaway initiation is pre-determined, allowing analysis of the nucleation and propagation of failure within 18[thin space (1/6-em)]650 cells through the use of high-speed X-ray imaging at 2000 frames per second. The cause of unfavourable occurrences such as sidewall rupture, cell bursting, and cell-to-cell propagation within modules is elucidated, and steps towards improved safety of 18[thin space (1/6-em)]650 cells and batteries are discussed.	Mar 2017

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