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	Phosphorus doped SnO 2 thin films for transparent conducting oxide applications: synthesis, optoelectronic properties and computational models Michael J. Powell , Benjamin A. D. Williamson , Song-Yi Baek , Joe Manzi , Dominic B. Potter , David O. Scanlon , Claire J. Carmalt Chemical Science 5 DOI: 10.1039/C8SC02152J Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Phosphorus doped tin(IV) oxide (P:SnO2) films have been synthesised by an aerosol assisted chemical vapour deposition route. Triethyl phosphate was used as the phosphorus dopant source. The phosphorus concentration in solution was found to be key to electrical properties, with concentrations between 0.25–0.5 mol% phosphorus giving the lowest resistivities of the deposited films. The conductivity of the films synthesised improved on doping SnO2 with phosphorus, with resistivity values of 7.27 × 10−4 Ω cm and sheet resistance values of 18.2 Ω □−1 achieved for the most conductive films. Phosphorus doping up to 1.0 mol% was shown to improve visible light transmission of the deposited films. The phosphorus doping also had a significant effect on film morphology, with varying microstructures achieved. The films were characterised by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV/vis spectroscopy, Hall effect measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The data generated was used to build computational models of phosphorus as a dopant for SnO2, showing that the phosphorus acts as a shallow one-electron n-type donor allowing for good conductivities. Phosphorus does not suffer from self-compensation issues associated with other dopants, such as fluorine.	Aug 2018
I18-Microfocus Spectroscopy	Synchrotron analysis of human organ tissue exposed to implant material Ilona Swiatkowska , J. Fred W. Mosselmans , Tina Geraki , Cody C. Wyles , Joseph J. Maleszewski , Johann Henckel , Barry Sampson , Dominic B. Potter , Ibtisam Osman , Robert T. Trousdale , Alister Hart Journal Of Trace Elements In Medicine And Biology 46, 128 - 137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.12.007 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [15034] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Background: Orthopaedic implants made of cobalt-chromium alloy undergo wear and corrosion that can lead to deposition of cobalt and chromium in vital organs. Elevated cardiac tissue cobalt levels are associated with myocardial injury while chromium is a well-established genotoxin. Though metal composition of tissues surrounding hip implants has been established, few investigators attempted to characterize the metal deposits in systemic tissues of total joint arthroplasty patients. Methods: We report the first use of micro-X-ray fluorescence coupled with micro-X-ray absorption spectroscopy to probe distribution and chemical form of cobalt, chromium and titanium in postmortem samples of splenic, hepatic and cardiac tissue of patients with metal-on-polyethylene hip implants (n = 5). Results: Majority of the cobalt was in the 2+ oxidation state, while titanium was present exclusively as titanium dioxide, in either rutile or anatase crystal structure. Chromium was found in a range of forms including a highly oxidised, carcinogenic species (CrV/VI), which has never been identified in human tissue before. Conclusions: Carcinogenic forms of chromium might arise in vital organs of total joint arthroplasty patients. Further studies are warranted with patients with metal-on-metal implants, which tend to have an increased release of cobalt and chromium compared to metal-on-polyethylene hips.	Mar 2018

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