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Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published
I13-2-Diamond Manchester Imaging	Imaging techniques for observing laminar geometry in the feather shaft cortex Christian Laurent , Sharif Ahmed , Richard Boardman , Richard Cook , Gareth Dyke , Colin Palmer , Philipp Schneider , Roland De Kat Journal Of Microscopy DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12820 Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Bird feather shafts are light, stiff, and strong, but the fine details of how their structure, mechanics and function relate to one another remains poorly understood. The missing piece in our understanding may be the various fibrous layers that make up the shaft's cortex. Detailed imaging techniques are needed to enable us to capture, analyse and quantify these layers before we can begin to unravel the relationship between their structure, mechanics and function. We show that Serial‐Block‐Face scanning electron microscopy, scanning confocal polarised microscopy and synchrotron‐based computed tomography are three suitable techniques to investigate layer thickness and fibre orientation in the feather cortex. These techniques and other are discussed in terms of their ability to resolve the fibrous laminar structure of the feather cortex, on sample preparation, and on throughput. Annotated images are presented for each and less suitable techniques are presented in the supplement.	Jun 2019
	Endurance testing of the additively manufactured STAR resistojet M. Robinson , A. Grubišić , G. Rempelos , F. Romei , C. Ogunlesi , S. Ahmed Materials & Design DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107907 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: This paper reports the outcome of endurance tests performed on a proof-of-concept design of a high-temperature resistojet thruster. A high-performance resistojet could enable a fully all-electric spacecraft architecture providing all propulsion system functions. The thruster utilises a novel additive-manufactured heat exchanger, consisting of concentric thin-walled cylinders, which act as both a resistive heating element and regenerative heat exchanger. Two complete thruster assemblies were tested, with heat exchangers manufactured from 316L stainless steel using selective laser melting. The two test units were used to investigate the operational endurance and determine life-limiting failure modes of the design. The tests consisted of repeated operational cycling to known temperature limits while under vacuum. Degradation and failure was inferred from electrical characteristics of the thrusters, and X-ray computed tomography imaging was used for non-destructive inspection both pre- and post-testing. The analysis showed that the failure modes are due to thermally-induced stresses resulting from mechanical constraints and temperature gradients. The failures occurred after approximately 40 cycles in the first thruster operating with a current of 25 A, and, in the second thruster, after a total of 300 cycles at 15 A and 217 cycles at 20 A, resulting in two distinctly different failure locations.	May 2019
I13-1-Coherence	Ptychographic X-ray computed tomography at a high-brilliance X-ray source Simone Sala , Darren Batey , Anupama Prakash , Sharif Ahmed , Christoph Rau , Pierre Thibault Optics Express 27 DOI: 10.1364/OE.27.000533 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [16199] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Ptychographic X-ray computed tomography is a phase-contrast imaging technique capable of retrieving three-dimensional maps of the index of refraction of the imaged volumes with nanometric resolution. Despite its unmatched reach, its application remains prerogative of a limited number of laboratories at synchrotron sources. We present a detailed description of an experimental procedure and a data analysis pipeline which can be both exploited for ptychographic X-ray computed tomography experiments at any high-brilliance X-ray source. These have been validated at the I13-1 Coherence Branchline within the first experiment of its kind to be successfully carried out on a biological sample at Diamond Light Source.	Jan 2019

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