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Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published	Actions
Krios I-Titan Krios I at Diamond	Structures of α-synuclein filaments from multiple system atrophy Manuel Schweighauser , Yang Shi , Airi Tarutani , Fuyuki Kametani , Alexey G. Murzin , Bernardino Ghetti , Tomoyasu Matsubara , Taisuke Tomita , Takashi Ando , Kazuko Hasegawa , Shigeo Murayama , Mari Yoshida , Masato Hasegawa , Sjors H. W. Scheres , Michel Goedert Nature 585, 464 - 469 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2317-6 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [17434] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Synucleinopathies, which include multiple system atrophy (MSA), Parkinson’s disease, Parkinson’s disease with dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), are human neurodegenerative diseases. Existing treatments are at best symptomatic. These diseases are characterized by the presence of, and believed to be caused by the formation of, filamentous inclusions of α-synuclein in brain cells2,3. However, the structures of α-synuclein filaments from the human brain are unknown. Here, using cryo-electron microscopy, we show that α-synuclein inclusions from the brains of individuals with MSA are made of two types of filament, each of which consists of two different protofilaments. In each type of filament, non-proteinaceous molecules are present at the interface of the two protofilaments. Using two-dimensional class averaging, we show that α-synuclein filaments from the brains of individuals with MSA differ from those of individuals with DLB, which suggests that distinct conformers or strains characterize specific synucleinopathies. As is the case with tau assemblies4,5,6,7,8,9, the structures of α-synuclein filaments extracted from the brains of individuals with MSA differ from those formed in vitro using recombinant proteins, which has implications for understanding the mechanisms of aggregate propagation and neurodegeneration in the human brain. These findings have diagnostic and potential therapeutic relevance, especially because of the unmet clinical need to be able to image filamentous α-synuclein inclusions in the human brain.	Sep 2020
I19-Small Molecule Single Crystal Diffraction	High pressure crystal structure and electrical properties of a single component molecular crystal [Ni(dddt)2] (dddt = 5,6-dihydro-1,4-dithiin-2,3-dithiolate) Hengbo Cui , Takao Tsumuraya , Hamish H.-M. Yeung , Chloe S. Coates , Mark R. Warren , Reizo Kato Molecules 24 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101843 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [15000] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Single-component molecular conductors form an important class of materials showing exotic quantum phenomena, owing to the range of behavior they exhibit under physical stimuli. We report the effect of high pressure on the electrical properties and crystal structure of the single-component crystal [Ni(dddt)2] (where dddt = 5,6-dihydro-1,4-dithiin-2,3-dithiolate). The system is isoelectronic and isostructural with [Pd(dddt)2], which is the first example of a single-component molecular crystal that exhibits nodal line semimetallic behavior under high pressure. Systematic high pressure four-probe electrical resistivity measurements were performed up to 21.6 GPa, using a Diamond Anvil Cell (DAC), and high pressure single crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction was performed up to 11.2 GPa. We found that [Ni(dddt)2] initially exhibits a decrease of resistivity upon increasing pressure but, unlike [Pd(dddt)2], it shows pressure-independent semiconductivity above 9.5 GPa. This correlates with decreasing changes in the unit cell parameters and intermolecular interactions, most notably the π-π stacking distance within chains of [Ni(dddt)2] molecules. Using first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations, based on the experimentally-determined crystal structures, we confirm that the band gap decreases with increasing pressure. Thus, we have been able to rationalize the electrical behavior of [Ni(dddt)2] in the pressure-dependent regime, and suggest possible explanations for its pressure-independent behavior at higher pressures.	May 2019

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