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Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published
Metrology	Effects of fast X-Ray cone-beam tomographic measurement on dimensional metrology Charalambos Rossides , Hossein Towsyfyan , Ander Biguri , Hans Deyhle , Reuben Lindroos , Mark Mavrogordato , Richard Boardman , Wenjuan Sun , Thomas Blumensath Metrologia DOI: 10.1088/1681-7575/ac7926 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: X-ray computed tomography (XCT) is increasingly used for dimensional metrology, where it can offer accurate measurements of internal features that are not accessible with other techniques. However, XCT scanning can be relatively slow, which often prevents routine uptake for many applications. This paper explores the feasibility of improving the speed of XCT measurements whilst maintaining the quality of the dimensional measurements derived from reconstructed volumes. In particular, we compare two approaches to fast XCT acquisition, the use of fewer XCT projections as well as the use of shortened x-ray exposure times for each projection. The study shows that the additional Poisson noise produced by reducing the exposure for each projection has significantly less impact on dimensional measurements compared to the artefacts associated with strategies that take fewer projection images, leading to about half the measurement error variability. Advanced reconstruction algorithms such as the conjugate gradient least squares method or total variation constrained approaches, are shown to allow further improvements in measurement speed, though this can come at the cost of increased measurement bias (e.g. 2.8 % increase in relative error in one example) and variance (e.g. 25 % in the same example).	Jun 2022
I18-Microfocus Spectroscopy	Combining photocatalysis and optical fibre technology towards improved microreactor design for hydrogen generation with metallic nanoparticles Matthew E. Potter , Daniel J. Stewart , Alice E. Oakley , Richard P. Boardman , Tom Bradley , Pier J. A. Sazio , Robert Raja Acs Photonics DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.9b01577 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [17819] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The use of solar energy to activate chemical pathways in a sustainable manner drives the development in photocatalysis. While catalyst optimisation is a major theme in this pursuit, the development of novel photocatalytic reactors to enhance productivity is also imperative. In this work we combine, for the first time, microstructured optical fibre technology with photocatalysis, creating a photocatalytic microreactor coated with titania decorated with palladium nanoparticles. By doing so, we can create a system capable of effectively combining photons, liquids and gases within a monolithic, highly confined, transparent silica geometry. We utilise a range of characterisation techniques to selectively focus on the photocatalyst that resides exclusively within the internal capillaries of this system. In doing so we validate our design approach, and demonstrate the ability to simultaneously control both nanoparticle size and metal content. Further, we justify our unique design, showing its activity in photocatalytic hydrogen generation from water. In doing so highlighting the importance in developing light propagation properties from optical fibres, and the significant potential of this technology in the expansive photocatalysis landscape.	Feb 2020
	Correlative X‐ray and neutron tomography of root systems using cadmium fiducial markers T. Clark , G. Burca , R. Boardman , T. Blumensath Journal Of Microscopy 55 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12831 Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The interactions between plant roots and soil are an area of active research, particularly in terms of water and nutrient uptake. Because noninvasive, in vivo studies are required, tomographic imaging appears an obvious method to use, but no one imaging modality is well suited to capture the complete system. X‐ray imaging gives clear insight to soil structure and composition; however, water is comparatively transparent to X‐rays and biological matter also displays poor contrast with respect to the pores between soil particles. Neutron imaging presents a complementary view where water and biological matter are better distinguished but the soil minerals are not imaged as clearly as they would be with X‐rays. This work aims to develop robust methods for complementary X‐ray/neutron tomographic imaging of plant root samples which should lead to new insight into water and nutrient transport in soil. The key challenges of this project are to develop experiments that will meet the requirements of both imaging modalities as well as the biological requirements of the plant samples and to develop ways to register a pair of reconstructed volume images of a sample that will typically have been produced with entirely separate facilities. The use of cadmium fiducial markers for registration has been investigated. Simulations were conducted to investigate the expected registration accuracy as the quantity and distribution of the markers varied. The findings of these simulations were then tested experimentally as plant samples were grown and imaged using neutrons with the IMAT instrument at ISIS Neutron and Muon Source at the STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in Harwell, and with X‐rays at µ‐VIS X‐ray Imaging Centre at the University of Southampton.	Sep 2019
I13-2-Diamond Manchester Imaging	Imaging techniques for observing laminar geometry in the feather shaft cortex Christian Laurent , Sharif Ahmed , Richard Boardman , Richard Cook , Gareth Dyke , Colin Palmer , Philipp Schneider , Roland De Kat Journal Of Microscopy DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12820 Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Bird feather shafts are light, stiff, and strong, but the fine details of how their structure, mechanics and function relate to one another remains poorly understood. The missing piece in our understanding may be the various fibrous layers that make up the shaft's cortex. Detailed imaging techniques are needed to enable us to capture, analyse and quantify these layers before we can begin to unravel the relationship between their structure, mechanics and function. We show that Serial‐Block‐Face scanning electron microscopy, scanning confocal polarised microscopy and synchrotron‐based computed tomography are three suitable techniques to investigate layer thickness and fibre orientation in the feather cortex. These techniques and other are discussed in terms of their ability to resolve the fibrous laminar structure of the feather cortex, on sample preparation, and on throughput. Annotated images are presented for each and less suitable techniques are presented in the supplement.	Jun 2019

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