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Mohamed
Ibrahim
,
Thomas
Fransson
,
Ruchira
Chatterjee
,
Mun Hon
Cheah
,
Rana
Hussein
,
Louise
Lassalle
,
Kyle D.
Sutherlin
,
Iris D.
Young
,
Franklin D.
Fuller
,
Sheraz
Gul
,
In-Sik
Kim
,
Philipp S.
Simon
,
Casper
De Lichtenberg
,
Petko
Chernev
,
Isabel
Bogacz
,
Cindy C.
Pham
,
Allen M.
Orville
,
Nicholas
Saichek
,
Trent
Northen
,
Alexander
Batyuk
,
Sergio
Carbajo
,
Roberto
Alonso-Mori
,
Kensuke
Tono
,
Shigeki
Owada
,
Asmit
Bhowmick
,
Robert
Bolotovsky
,
Derek
Mendez
,
Nigel W.
Moriarty
,
James M.
Holton
,
Holger
Dobbek
,
Aaron S.
Brewster
,
Paul D.
Adams
,
Nicholas K.
Sauter
,
Uwe
Bergmann
,
Athina
Zouni
,
Johannes
Messinger
,
Jan
Kern
,
Vittal K.
Yachandra
,
Junko
Yano
Open Access
Abstract: In oxygenic photosynthesis, light-driven oxidation of water to molecular oxygen is carried out by the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) in photosystem II (PS II). Recently, we reported the room-temperature structures of PS II in the four (semi)stable S-states, S1, S2, S3, and S0, showing that a water molecule is inserted during the S2 → S3 transition, as a new bridging O(H)-ligand between Mn1 and Ca. To understand the sequence of events leading to the formation of this last stable intermediate state before O2 formation, we recorded diffraction and Mn X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) data at several time points during the S2 → S3 transition. At the electron acceptor site, changes due to the two-electron redox chemistry at the quinones, QA and QB, are observed. At the donor site, tyrosine YZ and His190 H-bonded to it move by 50 µs after the second flash, and Glu189 moves away from Ca. This is followed by Mn1 and Mn4 moving apart, and the insertion of OX(H) at the open coordination site of Mn1. This water, possibly a ligand of Ca, could be supplied via a “water wheel”-like arrangement of five waters next to the OEC that is connected by a large channel to the bulk solvent. XES spectra show that Mn oxidation (τ of ∼350 µs) during the S2 → S3 transition mirrors the appearance of OX electron density. This indicates that the oxidation state change and the insertion of water as a bridging atom between Mn1 and Ca are highly correlated.
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May 2020
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Jan
Kern
,
Ruchira
Chatterjee
,
Iris D.
Young
,
Franklin D.
Fuller
,
Louise
Lassalle
,
Mohamed
Ibrahim
,
Sheraz
Gul
,
Thomas
Fransson
,
Aaron S.
Brewster
,
Roberto
Alonso-Mori
,
Rana
Hussein
,
Miao
Zhang
,
Lacey
Douthit
,
Casper
De Lichtenberg
,
Mun Hon
Cheah
,
Dmitry
Shevela
,
Julia
Wersig
,
Ina
Seuffert
,
Dimosthenis
Sokaras
,
Ernest
Pastor
,
Clemens
Weninger
,
Thomas
Kroll
,
Raymond G.
Sierra
,
Pierre
Aller
,
Agata
Butryn
,
Allen M.
Orville
,
Mengning
Liang
,
Alexander
Batyuk
,
Jason E.
Koglin
,
Sergio
Carbajo
,
Sébastien
Boutet
,
Nigel W.
Moriarty
,
James M.
Holton
,
Holger
Dobbek
,
Paul D.
Adams
,
Uwe
Bergmann
,
Nicholas K.
Sauter
,
Athina
Zouni
,
Johannes
Messinger
,
Junko
Yano
,
Vittal K.
Yachandra
Abstract: Inspired by the period-four oscillation in flash-induced oxygen evolution of photosystem II discovered by Joliot in 1969, Kok performed additional experiments and proposed a five-state kinetic model for photosynthetic oxygen evolution, known as Kok’s S-state clock or cycle1,2. The model comprises four (meta)stable intermediates (S0, S1, S2 and S3) and one transient S4 state, which precedes dioxygen formation occurring in a concerted reaction from two water-derived oxygens bound at an oxo-bridged tetra manganese calcium (Mn4CaO5) cluster in the oxygen-evolving complex3,4,5,6,7. This reaction is coupled to the two-step reduction and protonation of the mobile plastoquinone QB at the acceptor side of PSII. Here, using serial femtosecond X-ray crystallography and simultaneous X-ray emission spectroscopy with multi-flash visible laser excitation at room temperature, we visualize all (meta)stable states of Kok’s cycle as high-resolution structures (2.04–2.08 Å). In addition, we report structures of two transient states at 150 and 400 µs, revealing notable structural changes including the binding of one additional ‘water’, Ox, during the S2→S3 state transition. Our results suggest that one water ligand to calcium (W3) is directly involved in substrate delivery. The binding of the additional oxygen Ox in the S3 state between Ca and Mn1 supports O–O bond formation mechanisms involving O5 as one substrate, where Ox is either the other substrate oxygen or is perfectly positioned to refill the O5 position during O2 release. Thus, our results exclude peroxo-bond formation in the S3 state, and the nucleophilic attack of W3 onto W2 is unlikely.
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Nov 2018
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Franklin D
Fuller
,
Sheraz
Gul
,
Ruchira
Chatterjee
,
E. Sethe
Burgie
,
Iris D.
Young
,
Hugo
Lebrette
,
Vivek
Srinivas
,
Aaron
Brewster
,
Tara
Michels-Clark
,
Jonathan A
Clinger
,
Babak
Andi
,
Mohamed
Ibrahim
,
Ernest
Pastor
,
Casper
De Lichtenberg
,
Rana
Hussein
,
Christopher J
Pollock
,
Miao
Zhang
,
Claudiu A
Stan
,
Thomas
Kroll
,
Thomas
Fransson
,
Clemens
Weninger
,
Markus
Kubin
,
Pierre
Aller
,
Louise
Lassalle
,
Philipp
Braeuer
,
Mitchell D.
Miller
,
Muhamed
Amin
,
Sergey
Koroidov
,
Christian G.
Roessler
,
Marc
Allaire
,
Raymond G
Sierra
,
Peter T.
Docker
,
James M.
Glownia
,
Silke
Nelson
,
Jason E
Koglin
,
Diling
Zhu
,
Matthieu
Chollet
,
Sanghoon
Song
,
Henrik
Lemke
,
Mengning
Liang
,
Dimosthenis
Sokaras
,
Roberto
Alonso-Mori
,
Athina
Zouni
,
Johannes
Messinger
,
Uwe
Bergmann
,
Amie K.
Boal
,
J. Martin
Bollinger
,
Carsten
Krebs
,
Martin
Högbom
,
George N.
Phillips
,
Richard D.
Vierstra
,
Nicholas K
Sauter
,
Allen M.
Orville
,
Jan
Kern
,
Vittal K
Yachandra
,
Junko
Yano
Abstract: X-ray crystallography at X-ray free-electron laser sources is a powerful method for studying macromolecules at biologically relevant temperatures. Moreover, when combined with complementary techniques like X-ray emission spectroscopy, both global structures and chemical properties of metalloenzymes can be obtained concurrently, providing insights into the interplay between the protein structure and dynamics and the chemistry at an active site. The implementation of such a multimodal approach can be compromised by conflicting requirements to optimize each individual method. In particular, the method used for sample delivery greatly affects the data quality. We present here a robust way of delivering controlled sample amounts on demand using acoustic droplet ejection coupled with a conveyor belt drive that is optimized for crystallography and spectroscopy measurements of photochemical and chemical reactions over a wide range of time scales. Studies with photosystem II, the phytochrome photoreceptor, and ribonucleotide reductase R2 illustrate the power and versatility of this method.
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Feb 2017
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Iris D.
Young
,
Mohamed
Ibrahim
,
Ruchira
Chatterjee
,
Sheraz
Gul
,
Franklin D.
Fuller
,
Sergey
Koroidov
,
Aaron S.
Brewster
,
Rosalie
Tran
,
Roberto
Alonso-Mori
,
Thomas
Kroll
,
Tara
Michels-Clark
,
Hartawan
Laksmono
,
Raymond G.
Sierra
,
Claudiu A.
Stan
,
Rana
Hussein
,
Miao
Zhang
,
Lacey
Douthit
,
Markus
Kubin
,
Casper
De Lichtenberg
,
Long
Vo Pham
,
Håkan
Nilsson
,
Mun Hon
Cheah
,
Dmitriy
Shevela
,
Claudio
Saracini
,
Mackenzie A.
Bean
,
Ina
Seuffert
,
Dimosthenis
Sokaras
,
Tsu-Chien
Weng
,
Ernest
Pastor
,
Clemens
Weninger
,
Thomas
Fransson
,
Louise
Lassalle
,
Philipp
Bräuer
,
Pierre
Aller
,
Peter T.
Docker
,
Babak
Andi
,
Allen M.
Orville
,
James M.
Glownia
,
Silke
Nelson
,
Marcin
Sikorski
,
Diling
Zhu
,
Mark S.
Hunter
,
Thomas J.
Lane
,
Andy
Aquila
,
Jason E.
Koglin
,
Joseph
Robinson
,
Mengning
Liang
,
Sébastien
Boutet
,
Artem Y.
Lyubimov
,
Monarin
Uervirojnangkoorn
,
Nigel W.
Moriarty
,
Dorothee
Liebschner
,
Pavel V.
Afonine
,
David G.
Waterman
,
Gwyndaf
Evans
,
Philippe
Wernet
,
Holger
Dobbek
,
William I.
Weis
,
Axel T.
Brunger
,
Petrus H.
Zwart
,
Paul D.
Adams
,
Athina
Zouni
,
Johannes
Messinger
,
Uwe
Bergmann
,
Nicholas K.
Sauter
,
Jan
Kern
,
Vittal K.
Yachandra
,
Junko
Yano
Abstract: Light-induced oxidation of water by photosystem II (PS II) in plants, algae and cyanobacteria has generated most of the dioxygen in the atmosphere. PS II, a membrane-bound multi-subunit pigment protein complex, couples the one-electron photochemistry at the reaction centre with the four-electron redox chemistry of water oxidation at the Mn4CaO5 cluster in the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC). Under illumination, the OEC cycles through five intermediate S-states (S0 to S4)1, in which S1 is the dark-stable state and S3 is the last semi-stable state before O–O bond formation and O2 evolution2, 3. A detailed understanding of the O–O bond formation mechanism remains a challenge, and will require elucidation of both the structures of the OEC in the different S-states and the binding of the two substrate waters to the catalytic site4, 5, 6. Here we report the use of femtosecond pulses from an X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) to obtain damage-free, room temperature structures of dark-adapted (S1), two-flash illuminated (2F; S3-enriched), and ammonia-bound two-flash illuminated (2F-NH3; S3-enriched) PS II. Although the recent 1.95 Å resolution structure of PS II at cryogenic temperature using an XFEL7 provided a damage-free view of the S1 state, measurements at room temperature are required to study the structural landscape of proteins under functional conditions8, 9, and also for in situ advancement of the S-states. To investigate the water-binding site(s), ammonia, a water analogue, has been used as a marker, as it binds to the Mn4CaO5 cluster in the S2 and S3 states10. Since the ammonia-bound OEC is active, the ammonia-binding Mn site is not a substrate water site10, 11, 12, 13. This approach, together with a comparison of the native dark and 2F states, is used to discriminate between proposed O–O bond formation mechanisms.
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Nov 2016
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I04-1-Macromolecular Crystallography (fixed wavelength)
I24-Microfocus Macromolecular Crystallography
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Abstract: High-pressure freezing (HPF) is a method which allows sample vitrification without cryoprotectants. In the present work, protein crystals were cooled to cryogenic temperatures at a pressure of 210 MPa. In contrast to other HPF methods published to date in the field of cryocrystallography, this protocol involves rapid sample cooling using a standard HPF device. The fast cooling rates allow HPF of protein crystals directly in their mother liquor without the need for cryoprotectants or external reagents. HPF was first attempted with hen egg-white lysozyme and cubic insulin crystals, yielding good to excellent diffraction quality. Non-cryoprotected crystals of the membrane protein photosystem II have been successfully cryocooled for the first time. This indicates that the presented HPF method is well suited to the vitrification of challenging systems with large unit cells and weak crystal contacts.
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Apr 2012
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