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Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published
I03-Macromolecular Crystallography	Uncovering lipopolysaccharide regulation in bacteria via the critical lipid binding tunnel of YciS/YciM Lina Yan , Haohao Dong , Huanyu Li , Xingyu Liu , Zixin Deng , Changjiang Dong , Zhengyu Zhang Iscience DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104988 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [9475] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Gram-negative bacteria contain an asymmetric outer membrane, in which the outer leaflet is composed of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS, a drug target of polymyxin, plays an essential role in drug resistance, biofilm formation and pathogenesis. An important inner membrane protein, YciM, may be responsible for the regulation of LPS biosynthesis and transport. Here we report the crystal structure of YciM from Salmonella typhimurium in a complex with a non-specifically bond molecule, an ethylene glycol, which identified a tunnel that could bind lipids. Our in vitro assays showed that YciM could bind lipid molecules with affinity in the micromolar range, while mutagenic and functional studies confirmed that lipid-binding residues are critical for the function of YciM. Additionally, our data also showed that YciM accurately regulates LPS biosynthesis and transport with YciS, which could help to better understand the regulation mechanism of LPS.	Aug 2022
I04-1-Macromolecular Crystallography (fixed wavelength) I04-Macromolecular Crystallography	Flowering poration—a synergistic multi-mode antibacterial mechanism by a bacteriocin fold Katharine Hammond , Helen Lewis , Samantha Halliwell , Florie Desriac , Brunello Nardone , Jascindra Ravi , Bart W. Hoogenboom , Mathew Upton , Jeremy P. Derrick , Maxim G. Ryadnov Iscience 23 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101423 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [8997] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Bacteriocins are a distinct family of antimicrobial proteins postulated to porate bacterial membranes. However, direct experimental evidence of pore formation by these proteins is lacking. Here we report a multi-mode poration mechanism induced by four-helix bacteriocins, epidermicin NI01 and aureocin A53. Using a combination of crystallography, spectroscopy, bioassays, and nanoscale imaging, we established that individual two-helix segments of epidermicin retain antibacterial activity but each of these segments adopts a particular poration mode. In the intact protein these segments act synergistically to balance out antibacterial and hemolytic activities. The study sets a precedent of multi-mode membrane disruption advancing the current understanding of structure-activity relationships in pore-forming proteins.	Aug 2020
B21-High Throughput SAXS I03-Macromolecular Crystallography	Purification and structural characterization of aggregation-prone human TDP-43 involved in neurodegenerative diseases Gareth S. A. Wright , Tatiana F. Watanabe , Kangsa Amporndanai , Steven S. Plotkin , Neil R. Cashman , Svetlana V. Antonyuk , S. Samar Hasnain Iscience DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101159 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Mislocalisation, cleavage and aggregation of the human protein TDP-43 is found in many neurodegenerative diseases. As is the case with many other proteins that are completely or partially structurally disordered, production of full-length recombinant TDP-43 in the quantities necessary for structural characterisation has proven difficult. We show that the full-length TDP-43 protein and two truncated N-terminal constructs 1-270 and 1-263 can be heterologously expressed in E. coli. Full-length TDP-43 could be prevented from aggregation during purification using a detergent. Crystals grown from an N-terminal construct (1-270) revealed only the NTD domain (residues 1-80) with molecules arranged as parallel spirals with neighbouring molecules arranged in head-to-tail fashion. In order to obtain detergent free, full-length TDP-43 we mutated all six tryptophan residues that provided low-resolution structure of full-length TDP-43 by small angle X-ray scattering and refining the relative positions of individual domains and intrinsically disordered regions in the model using molecular dynamics.	May 2020

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