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153 items found (0 items not approved), displaying 1 to 10.[First/Prev] 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 [Next/Last]

Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published
I12-JEEP: Joint Engineering, Environmental and Processing	Implementing and evaluating far-field 3D X-ray diffraction at the I12 JEEP beamline, Diamond Light Source James A. D. Ball , Anna Kareer , Oxana V. Magdysyuk , Stefan Michalik , Anastasia Vrettou , Neal Parkes , Thomas Connolley , David M. Collins Journal Of Synchrotron Radiation 29 DOI: 10.1107/S1600577522004088 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [26376] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Three-dimensional X-ray diffraction (3DXRD) is shown to be feasible at the I12 Joint Engineering, Environmental and Processing (JEEP) beamline of Diamond Light Source. As a demonstration, a microstructually simple low-carbon ferritic steel was studied in a highly textured and annealed state. A processing pipeline suited to this beamline was created, using software already established in the 3DXRD user community, enabling grain centre-of-mass positions, orientations and strain tensor elements to be determined. Orientations, with texture measurements independently validated from electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) data, possessed a ∼0.1° uncertainty, comparable with other 3DXRD instruments. The spatial resolution was limited by the far-field detector pixel size; the average of the grain centre of mass position errors was determined as ±∼80 µm. An average per-grain error of ∼1 × 10−3 for the elastic strains was also measured; this could be reduced in future experiments by improving sample preparation, geometry calibration, data collection and analysis techniques. Application of 3DXRD onto I12 shows great potential, where its implementation is highly desirable due to the flexible, open architecture of the beamline. User-owned or designed sample environments can be used, thus 3DXRD could be applied to previously unexplored scientific areas.	Jul 2022
I13-1-Coherence	Single-exposure X-ray phase imaging microscopy with a grating interferometer Andreas Wolf , Bernhard Akstaller , Silvia Cipiccia , Silja Flenner , Johannes Hagemann , Veronika Ludwig , Pascal Meyer , Andreas Schropp , Max Schuster , Maria Seifert , Mareike Weule , Thilo Michel , Gisela Anton , Stefan Funk Journal Of Synchrotron Radiation 29 DOI: 10.1107/S160057752200193X Diamond Proposal Number(s): [18540] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The advent of hard X-ray free-electron lasers enables nanoscopic X-ray imaging with sub-picosecond temporal resolution. X-ray grating interferometry offers a phase-sensitive full-field imaging technique where the phase retrieval can be carried out from a single exposure alone. Thus, the method is attractive for imaging applications at X-ray free-electron lasers where intrinsic pulse-to-pulse fluctuations pose a major challenge. In this work, the single-exposure phase imaging capabilities of grating interferometry are characterized by an implementation at the I13-1 beamline of Diamond Light Source (Oxfordshire, UK). For comparison purposes, propagation-based phase contrast imaging was also performed at the same instrument. The characterization is carried out in terms of the quantitativeness and the contrast-to-noise ratio of the phase reconstructions as well as via the achievable spatial resolution. By using a statistical image reconstruction scheme, previous limitations of grating interferometry regarding the spatial resolution can be mitigated as well as the experimental applicability of the technique.	May 2022
Optics	Effect of clamping force on distortion of the optical surface of monochromators during assembly Eleanor Victoria Bainbridge , Jonathan David Griffiths , Jessica Clunan , Peter Docker Journal Of Synchrotron Radiation 29 DOI: 10.1107/S1600577522003149 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: As Diamond Light Source embraces the move towards becoming a fourth-generation light source its optics will be required to perform under increasingly demanding conditions. Foremost amongst these conditions will be the increasing power densities the optics are subjected to and the reducing real estate they have to perform in. With these new challenges comes the need for greater understanding of how optics are assembled and how consistently the activity is carried out. In this paper, the effect of bolt pretension during assembly of monochromators on distortion of the optical surface is investigated through numerical simulation. The results reveal skewed convex distortion of the optical surface in the meridional direction when uneven clamping force is applied, highlighting the importance of taking the potential for distortion of the optical surface due to clamping force into consideration.	May 2022
I21-Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS)	I21: an advanced high-resolution resonant inelastic X-ray scattering beamline at Diamond Light Source Ke-Jin Zhou , Andrew Walters , Mirian Garcia-Fernandez , Thomas Rice , Matthew Hand , Abhishek Nag , Jiemin Li , Stefano Agrestini , Peter Garland , Hongchang Wang , Simon Alcock , Ioana Nistea , Brian Nutter , Nicholas Rubies , Giles Knap , Martin Gaughran , Fajin Yuan , Peter Chang , John Emmins , George Howell Journal Of Synchrotron Radiation 29 DOI: 10.1107/S1600577522000601 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The I21 beamline at Diamond Light Source is dedicated to advanced resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) for probing charge, orbital, spin and lattice excitations in materials across condensed matter physics, applied sciences and chemistry. Both the beamline and the RIXS spectrometer employ divergent variable-line-spacing gratings covering a broad energy range of 280–3000 eV. A combined energy resolution of ∼35 meV (16 meV) is readily achieved at 930 eV (530 eV) owing to the optimized optics and the mechanics. Considerable efforts have been paid to the design of the entire beamline, particularly the implementation of the collection mirrors, to maximize the X-ray photon throughput. The continuous rotation of the spectrometer over 150° under ultra high vacuum and a cryogenic manipulator with six degrees of freedom allow accurate mappings of low-energy excitations from solid state materials in momentum space. Most importantly, the facility features a unique combination of the high energy resolution and the high photon throughput vital for advanced RIXS applications. Together with its stability and user friendliness, I21 has become one of the most sought after RIXS beamlines in the world.	Mar 2022
I14-Hard X-ray Nanoprobe	A cell design for correlative hard X-ray nanoprobe and electron microscopy studies of catalysts under in situ conditions Julia E. Parker , Miguel Gomez-Gonzalez , Yolanda Van Lishout , Husn Islam , Desiree Duran Martin , Dogan Ozkaya , Paul D. Quinn , Manfred E. Schuster Journal Of Synchrotron Radiation 29 DOI: 10.1107/S1600577521013576 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [20036, 22509] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: To improve the understanding of catalysts, and ultimately the ability to design better materials, it is crucial to study them during their catalytic active states. Using in situ or operando conditions allows insights into structure–property relationships, which might not be observable by ex situ characterization. Spatially resolved X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy are powerful tools to determine structural and electronic properties, and the spatial resolutions now achievable at hard X-ray nanoprobe beamlines make them an ideal complement to high-resolution transmission electron microscopy studies in a multi-length-scale analysis approach. The development of a system to enable the use of a commercially available gas-cell chip assembly within an X-ray nanoprobe beamline is reported here. The novel in situ capability is demonstrated by an investigation of the redox behaviour of supported Pt nanoparticles on ceria under typical lean and rich diesel-exhaust conditions; however, the system has broader application to a wide range of solid–gas reactions. In addition the setup allows complimentary in situ transmission electron microscopy and X-ray nanoprobe studies under identical conditions, with the major advantage compared with other systems that the exact same cell can be used and easily transferred between instruments. This offers the exciting possibility of studying the same particles under identical conditions (gas flow, pressure, temperature) using multiple techniques.	Mar 2022
I16-Materials and Magnetism Optics	Cryo-cooled silicon crystal monochromators: a study of power load, temperature and deformation Hossein Khosroabadi , Lucia Alianelli , Daniel G. Porter , Steve Collins , Kawal Sawhney Journal Of Synchrotron Radiation 29 DOI: 10.1107/S160057752200039X Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Crystal monochromators are often the primary optics in hard X-ray synchrotron beamlines. Management of power load is central to their design. Strict requirements on stability and deformation are to be met, as new-generation synchrotron sources deliver brighter beams of X-rays. This article sets out to illustrate an overall picture of the deformation caused by heat load in a cryo-cooled Si crystal monochromator using first principles. A theoretical model has been developed to predict the temperature distribution and surface deformation by applying intrinsic properties of Si material and the cooling system parameters. The model explains the universal behaviour of crystal slope error versus absorbed power; it has been benchmarked against experimental data and used to interpret finite-element analysis of cryogenically cooled crystals.	Mar 2022
B18-Core EXAFS	Spectroscopic evaluation of UVI-cement mineral interactions: ettringite and hydrotalcite Antonia S. Yorkshire , Martin C. Stennett , Brant Walkley , Sarah E. O'Sullivan , Lucy M. Mottram , Daniel J. Bailey , John L. Provis , Neil C. Hyatt , Claire L. Corkhill Journal Of Synchrotron Radiation 29 DOI: 10.1107/S1600577521011553 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [17782] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Portland cement based grouts used for radioactive waste immobilization contain high replacement levels of supplementary cementitious materials, including blast-furnace slag and fly ash. The minerals formed upon hydration of these cements may have capacity for binding actinide elements present in radioactive waste. In this work, the minerals ettringite (Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12·26H2O) and hydrotalcite (Mg6Al2(OH)16CO3·4H2O) were selected to investigate the importance of minor cement hydrate phases in sequestering and immobilizing UVI from radioactive waste streams. U LIII-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used to probe the UVI coordination environment in contact with these minerals. For the first time, solid-state 27Al magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR) spectroscopy was applied to probe the Al coordination environment in these UVI-contacted minerals and make inferences on the UVI coordination, in conjunction with the X-ray spectroscopy analyses. The U LIII-edge XAS analysis of the UVI-contacted ettringite phases found them to be similar (>∼70%) to the uranyl oxyhydroxides present in a mixed becquerelite/metaschoepite mineral. Fitting of the EXAFS region, in combination with 27Al NMR analysis, indicated that a disordered Ca- or Al-bearing UVI secondary phase also formed. For the UVI-contacted hydrotalcite phases, the XAS and 27Al NMR data were interpreted as being similar to uranyl carbonate, that was likely Mg-containing.	Jan 2022
I13-2-Diamond Manchester Imaging	Optimizing the energy bandwidth for transmission full-field X-ray microscopy experiments Malte Storm , Florian Doring , Shashidhara Marathe , Silvia Cipiccia , Christian David , Christoph Rau Journal Of Synchrotron Radiation 29 DOI: 10.1107/S1600577521011206 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Full-field transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM) is a very potent high-resolution X-ray imaging technique. However, it is challenging to achieve fast acquisitions because of the limited efficiency of the optics. Using a broader energy bandwidth, for example using a multilayer monochromator, directly increases the flux in the experiment. The advantage of more counts needs to be weighed against a deterioration in achievable resolution because focusing optics show chromatic aberrations. This study presents theoretical considerations of how much the resolution is affected by an increase in bandwidth as well as measurements at different energy bandwidths (ΔE/E = 0.013%, 0.27%, 0.63%) and the impact on achievable resolution. It is shown that using a multilayer monochromator instead of a classical silicon double-crystal monochromator can increase the flux by an order of magnitude with only a limited effect on the resolution.	Dec 2021
I13-1-Coherence	Dual energy X-ray beam ptycho-fluorescence imaging Silvia Cipiccia , Francesco Brun , Vittorio Di Trapani , Christoph Rau , Darren J. Batey Journal Of Synchrotron Radiation 28 DOI: 10.1107/S1600577521008675 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [21767] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: X-ray ptychography and X-ray fluorescence are complementary nanoscale imaging techniques, providing structural and elemental information, respectively. Both methods acquire data by scanning a localized beam across the sample. X-ray ptychography processes the transmission signal of a coherent illumination interacting with the sample, to produce images with a resolution finer than the illumination spot and step size. By enlarging both the spot and the step size, the technique can cover extended regions efficiently. X-ray fluorescence records the emitted spectra as the sample is scanned through the localized beam and its spatial resolution is limited by the spot and step size. The requisites for fast ptychography and high-resolution fluorescence appear incompatible. Here, a novel scheme that mitigates the difference in requirements is proposed. The method makes use of two probes of different sizes at the sample, generated by using two different energies for the probes and chromatic focusing optics. The different probe sizes allow to reduce the number of acquisition steps for the joint fluorescence–ptychography scan compared with a standard single beam scan, while imaging the same field of view. The new method is demonstrated experimentally using two undulator harmonics, a Fresnel zone plate and an energy discriminating photon counting detector.	Nov 2021
I21-Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS)	X-ray synchrotron radiation studies of actinide materials Roberto Caciuffo , Gerard H. Lander Journal Of Synchrotron Radiation 28 DOI: 10.1107/S1600577521009413 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: By reviewing a selection of X-ray diffraction (XRD), resonant X-ray scattering (RXS), X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD), resonant and non-resonant inelastic scattering (RIXS, NIXS), and dispersive inelastic scattering (IXS) experiments, the potential of synchrotron radiation techniques in studying lattice and electronic structure, hybridization effects, multipolar order and lattice dynamics in actinide materials is demonstrated.	Nov 2021

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