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11 items found (0 items not approved), displaying 1 to 10.[First/Prev] 1, 2 [Next/Last]

Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published
I11-High Resolution Powder Diffraction	Potassium alloy reference electrodes for potassium-ion batteries: the K-In and K-Bi systems Ben Jagger , Jack Aspinall , Souhardh Kotakadi , John Cattermull , Shobhan Dhir , Mauro Pasta Acs Materials Letters DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.4c01219 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [32893] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are a promising alternative to conventional lithium-ion batteries with reduced critical mineral dependency but accurate three-electrode characterization is hindered by the lack of a suitable reference electrode. Potassium metal is frequently used as a reference electrode out of necessity, but its high reactivity and unstable potential limit its reliability. Here we investigate the K-In and K-Bi alloy systems, synthesize two-phase In-In4K and Bi-Bi2K alloys, and identify Bi-Bi2K as a promising material owing to its stable potential of 1.07 V vs K+/K. We prove the use of Bi-Bi2K as a reference electrode by cycling graphite in three-electrode cells and demonstrate that it results in significantly less electrolyte reduction than potassium metal, facilitating the accurate electrochemical characterization necessary to accelerate KIB development.	Aug 2024
I15-Extreme Conditions	The correlation between X-ray scattering structure factor and shear bands density of a metallic glass and a composite C. Zhang , T.-L. Lee , J. C. Khong , J.c. Qiao , D. Daisenberger , Y. Yao , J. Mi Materials Letters 304 DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2021.130727 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [9902, 8858] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The tensile fractured surfaces of ZrTi-based bulk metallic glass and composite samples were studied using synchrotron X-ray total scattering. The scanned areas contain different shear bands densities. The shear bands create localized atomic strains, which in turn cause more ordered atomic structures. Such structural changes were reflected in the scattering structure factor, i.e. the higher the density of the shear bands, the higher the scattering structure factor. Similar phenomenon was also found in the metallic glass composite.	Aug 2021
I12-JEEP: Joint Engineering, Environmental and Processing	In situ X-ray quantification of melt pool behaviour during directed energy deposition additive manufacturing of stainless steel Yunhui Chen , Samuel J. Clark , Yuze Huang , Lorna Sinclair , Chu Lun Alex Leung , Sebastian Marussi , Thomas Connolley , Oxana V. Magdysyuk , Robert C. Atwood , Gavin J. Baxter , Martyn A. Jones , Iain Todd , Peter D. Lee Materials Letters DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2020.129205 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [20096] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The Directed Energy Deposition Additive Manufacturing (DED-AM) of SS316L was studied using in situ and operando synchrotron X-ray imaging to quantitively understand the effect of processing parameters on the melt-pool morphology and surface quality. It was found that surface roughness of DED-AM builds can result from melt pool surface perturbations caused by changes in the melt flow and build stage motion perturbations. Process maps are developed that quantitatively correlate build quality to process parameters including powder feed rate, laser power and traverse speed. How the AM process parameters control build efficacy is clarified, and the processing conditions required to dampen surface perturbations leading to roughness were determined.	Dec 2020
	Colloidal synthesis and optical properties of perovskite-inspired cesium zirconium halide nanocrystals Anna Abfalterer , Javad Shamsi , Dominik J. Kubicki , Christopher N. Savory , James Xiao , Giorgio Divitini , Weiwei Li , Stuart Macpherson , Krzysztof Gałkowski , Judith L. Macmanus-Driscoll , David O. Scanlon , Samuel D. Stranks Acs Materials Letters DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.0c00393 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Optoelectronic devices based on lead halide perovskites are processed in facile ways, yet are remarkably efficient. There are extensive research efforts investigating lead-free perovskite and perovskite-related compounds, yet there are challenges to synthesize these materials in forms that can be directly integrated into thin film devices rather than as bulk powders. Here, we report on the colloidal synthesis and characterization of lead-free, antifluorite Cs2ZrX6 (X = Cl, Br) nanocrystals that are readily processed into thin films. We use transmission electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction measurements to determine their size and structural properties, and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance measurements reveal the presence of oleate ligand, together with a disordered distribution of Cs surface sites. Density functional theory calculations reveal the band structure and fundamental band gaps of 5.06 and 3.91 eV for Cs2ZrCl6 and Cs2ZrBr6, respectively, consistent with experimental values. Finally, we demonstrate that the Cs2ZrCl6 and Cs2ZrBr6 nanocrystal thin films exhibit tunable, broad white photoluminescence with quantum yields of 45% for the latter, with respective peaks in the blue and green spectral regions and mixed systems exhibiting properties between them. Our work represents a critical step toward the application of lead-free Cs2ZrX6 nanocrystal thin films into next-generation light-emitting applications.	Nov 2020
I16-Materials and Magnetism	Coupling lattice instabilities across the interface in ultrathin oxide heterostructures Thierry C. Van Thiel , Jennifer Fowlie , Carmine Autieri , Nicola Manca , Makars Šiškins , Dmytro Afanasiev , Stefano Gariglio , Andrea D. Caviglia Acs Materials Letters DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.9b00540 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Oxide heterointerfaces constitute a rich platform for realizing novel functionalities in condensed matter. A key aspect is the strong link between structural and electronic properties, which can be modified by interfacing materials with distinct lattice symmetries. Here, we determine the effect of the cubic-tetragonal distortion of SrTiO3 on the electronic properties of thin films of SrIrO3, a topological crystalline metal hosting a delicate interplay between spin-orbit coupling and electronic correlations. We demonstrate that below the transition temperature at 105 K, SrIrO3 orthorhombic domains couple directly to tetragonal domains in SrTiO3. This forces the in-phase rotational axis to lie in-plane and creates a binary domain structure in the SrIrO3 film. The close proximity to the metal–insulator transition in ultrathin SrIrO3 causes the individual domains to have strongly anisotropic transport properties, driven by a reduction of bandwidth along the in-phase axis. The strong structure–property relationships in perovskites make these compounds particularly suitable for static and dynamic coupling at interfaces, providing a promising route towards realizing novel functionalities in oxide heterostructures.	Mar 2020
I10-Beamline for Advanced Dichroism - scattering	Magnetic x-ray spectroscopy of two-dimensional CrI 3 layers Andreas Frisk , Liam B. Duffy , Shilei Zhang , Gerrit Van Der Laan , Thorsten Hesjedal Materials Letters DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2018.08.005 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [16162] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The recently confirmed monolayer ferromagnet CrI3 is a frisky example of a two-dimensional ferromagnetic material with great application potential in van der Waals heterostructures. Here we present a soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy study of the magnetic bulk properties of CrI3, giving insight into the magnetic coupling scenario which is relevant for understanding its thickness-dependent magnetic properties. The experimental Cr L2,3 x-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectra show a good agreement with calculated spectra for a hybridized ground state. In this high-spin Cr ground state the Cr–I bonds show a strongly covalent character. This is responsible for the strong superexchange interaction and increased spin-orbit coupling, resulting in the large magnetic anisotropy of the two-dimensionally layered CrI3 crystal.	Aug 2018
	In-situ synchrotron X-ray radiography observation of primary Al 2 Cu intermetallic growth on fragments of aluminium oxide film Feng Wang , Dmitry Eskin , Thomas Connolley , Chuangnan Wang , Billy Koe , Andrew King , Christina Reinhard , Jiawei Mi Materials Letters 213, 303 - 305 DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2017.11.090 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: While using synchrotron X-ray radiography for studying ultrasonic melt processing, the growth of the primary Al2Cu intermetallic phase on fragments of aluminium oxide film during solidification of a hypereutectic Al-35% Cu alloy was observed in-situ and in real time with adequate spatial and temporal resolution. This provides the first direct evidence for the nucleation of a primary phase on oxide particles during solidification of real metallic alloys. Comparison of the primary Al2Cu intermetallics grown in the melt with and without fragments of aluminium oxide film reveals considerable refinement, which demonstrates that the enhanced nucleation of a primary phase on oxide particles promotes structure refinement.	Nov 2017
I13-2-Diamond Manchester Imaging	Synchrotron radiographic studies of ultrasonic melt processing of metal matrix nano composites Wajira Mirihanage , Wenwu Xu , Javier Tamayo-Ariztondo , Dmitry Eskin , Mirian Garcia-Fernandez , Prakash Srirangam , Peter Lee Materials Letters DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2015.11.022 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [5001] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Fast synchrotron radiography was used to investigate ultrasonic cavitation bubble formation and their dynamics during liquid metal processing of Al-Cu metal matrix nano composites (MMNC) in comparison with conventional alloys. The experimental observations showed enhanced cavitation potential in MMNC melts, due to the presence of Al2O3 nano particles which were believed to be acting as heterogeneous nuclei for bubble formation. Quantitative image analysis demonstrates that the addition of nano particles increases melt agitation partially, while introducing higher flow velocity variations across the melt. This suggests that the presence of nano particles may substantially alter propensity for ultrasonic treatment effects during solidification processing of MMNCs.	Feb 2016
B16-Test Beamline	Diffraction post-processing of 3D dislocation dynamics simulations for direct comparison with micro-beam Laue experiments Felix Hofmann , Sinéad Keegan , Alexander M. Korsunsky Materials Letters 89, 66 - 69 DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2012.08.052 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [701] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: We present a method of computing lattice rotations and elastic strains due to 3D dislocation structures discretised into straight segments. Combined with ray-tracing, it enables virtual scattering experiments where X-ray diffraction patterns that would arise from such dislocation structures are simulated. We demonstrate the diffraction post-processing of a Frank–Read source simulated using the ParaDiS discrete dislocation dynamics code. This simulation is compared to experimental synchrotron X-ray micro-beam Laue diffraction measurements of a single grain within a deformed nickel polycrystal. The simulated pattern captures the experimentally observed anisotropic broadening of Laue reflections and illustrates that heterogeneous and anisotropic lattice (re)orientation effects dominate the peak shape.	Dec 2012
I12-JEEP: Joint Engineering, Environmental and Processing	Polycrystal deformation analysis by high energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction on the I12 JEEP beamline at Diamond Light Source Alexander M. Korsunsky , Xu Song , Felix Hofmann , Brian Abbey , Mengyin Xie , Thomas Connolley , Christina Reinhard , Robert C. Atwood , Leigh Connor , Michael Drakopoulos Materials Letters 64 (15), 1724-1727 DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2010.04.023 Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Better understanding of the distribution of elastic and plastic strains in deformed polycrystalline, multiphase materials is important for structural engineering. The deformation response depends upon the interaction of grains of different orientations, and the anisotropy associated with each phase. Strain partitioning and tensile-compressive hardening asymmetry arises due to mismatches in modulus and ductility between grains and phases in alloys such as Ti–6Al–4V that displays both strong anisotropy within one phase and significant differences of properties between phases. Simple four-point bent beam samples were studied using the newly available energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction setup at the high energy white-beam synchrotron beamline I12 (JEEP) at Diamond Light Source. Diffraction patterns from the bent polycrystalline Ti6Al4V samples were collected using the new 23-cell “horseshoe” detector and interpreted using Pawley refinement to extract unit cell parameters, thus allowing elastic strain to be determined. The tensile-compressive hardening asymmetry was quantified for the grains oriented with the basal plane perpendicular to the loading direction. Initial evaluation of the performance of the new instrument is reported.	May 2010

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