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I04-Macromolecular Crystallography	A selective jumonji H3K27 demethylase inhibitor modulates the proinflammatory macrophage response Laurens Kruidenier , Chun-wa Chung , Zhongjun Cheng , John Liddle , Kahing Che , Gerard Joberty , Marcus Bantscheff , Chas Bountra , Angela Bridges , Hawa Diallo , Dirk Eberhard , Sue Hutchinson , Emma Jones , Roy Katso , Melanie Leveridge , Palwinder K. Mander , Julie Mosley , Cesar Ramirez-molina , Paul Rowland , Christopher J. Schofield Nature 488, 404 - 408 DOI: 10.1038/nature11262 PMID: 22842901 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [7495] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The jumonji (JMJ) family of histone demethylases are Fe2+- and ?-ketoglutarate-dependent oxygenases that are essential components of regulatory transcriptional chromatin complexes1, 2, 3, 4. These enzymes demethylate lysine residues in histones in a methylation-state and sequence-specific context5. Considerable effort has been devoted to gaining a mechanistic understanding of the roles of histone lysine demethylases in eukaryotic transcription, genome integrity and epigenetic inheritance2, 4, 6, as well as in development, physiology and disease3, 7. However, because of the absence of any selective inhibitors, the relevance of the demethylase activity of JMJ enzymes in regulating cellular responses remains poorly understood. Here we present a structure-guided small-molecule and chemoproteomics approach to elucidating the functional role of the H3K27me3-specific demethylase subfamily (KDM6 subfamily members JMJD3 and UTX)8. The liganded structures of human and mouse JMJD3 provide novel insight into the specificity determinants for cofactor, substrate and inhibitor recognition by the KDM6 subfamily of demethylases. We exploited these structural features to generate the first small-molecule catalytic site inhibitor that is selective for the H3K27me3-specific JMJ subfamily. We demonstrate that this inhibitor binds in a novel manner and reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory cytokine production by human primary macrophages, a process that depends on both JMJD3 and UTX. Our results resolve the ambiguity associated with the catalytic function of H3K27-specific JMJs in regulating disease-relevant inflammatory responses and provide encouragement for designing small-molecule inhibitors to allow selective pharmacological intervention across the JMJ family.	Aug 2012

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I04-Macromolecular Crystallography

A selective jumonji H3K27 demethylase inhibitor modulates the proinflammatory macrophage response