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73 items found (0 items not approved), displaying 61 to 70.[First/Prev] 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 [Next/Last]

Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published
	Fabrication and testing of an electrochemical microcell for in situ soft X-ray microspectroscopy measurements A. Gianoncelli , B. Kaulich , M. Kiskinova , C. Mele , M. Prasciolu , I. Sgura , B. Bozzini Journal Of Physics: Conference Series 425 (18) 11th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation (SRI 2012) DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/425/18/182010 Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: In this paper we report on the fabrication and testing of a novel concept of electrochemical microcell for in-situ soft X-ray microspectroscopy in transmission. The microcell, fabricated by electron-beam lithography, implements an improved electrode design, with optimal current density distribution and minimised ohmic drop, allowing the same three-electrode electrochemical control achievable with traditional cells. Moreover standard electroanalytical measurements, such as cyclic voltammetry, can be routinely performed. As far as the electrolyte is concerned, we selected a room-temperature ionic-liquid. Some of the materials belonging to this class, in addition to a broad range of outstanding electrochemical properties, feature two highlights that are crucial for in situ, soft X-ray transmission work: spinnability, enabling accurate thickness control, and stability to UHV, allowing operation of an open cell in the analysis chamber vacuum (10−6 mbar). The cell can, of course, be used also with non-vacuum stable electrolytes in the sealed version developed in previous work in our group. In this study, the microcell designed, fabricated and tested in situ by applying an anodic polarisation to a Au electrode and following the formation of a distribution of corrosion features. This specific material combination presented in this work does not limit the cell concept, that can implement any electrodic material grown by lithography, any liquid electrolyte and any spinnable solid electrolyte.	Mar 2013
	Inelastic X-ray scattering of heavy fermion compounds ROs4Sb12 (R: light rare-earth) S. Tsutsui , H. Uchiyama , J. P. Sutter , A. Q. R. Baron , J. Yamaura , H. Sugawara , H. Sato Journal Of Physics: Conference Series 391 International Conference on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems (SCES 2011) DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/391/1/012074 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Inelastic X-ray scattering experiments were carried out in the series of filled skutterudites ROs4Sb12 (R: light rare-earth). Phonon energy of the rare-earth guest modes in the longitudinal (1 0 0) direction decreases with increase of atomic number of rare-earth elements from La to Sm inserted into a Sb cage. This fact demonstrates that the guest mode energy is affected by the ionic radius of the rare-earth atom. In addition, comparison between inelastic X-ray scattering and X-ray diffraction experiments reveals the correlation of the guest mode energy in the longitudinal (1 0 0) direction and the Einstein temperature obtained by the temperature dependence of the atomic displacement factor.	Dec 2012
	Paramagnetic resonance in the cubic helimagnet epsilon-FeGe J. Sichelschmidt , M. Schmidt , U. K. Rößler , H. Wilhelm Journal Of Physics: Conference Series 391 International Conference on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems (SCES 2011) DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/391/1/012105 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: We have investigated the spin dynamics of the paramagnetic region of epsilon-FeGe by means of Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The high-quality single crystal showed a strong paramagnetic resonance line which is well-described by a Lorentzian shape above 287 K. The close relation of the linewidth to the magnetic susceptibility indicates a resonance of a strongly coupled 3d / conduction electron system.	Dec 2012
I15-Extreme Conditions	Melting of potassium to 22 GPa E. E. Mcbride , O. Narygina , G. W. Stinton , M Mcmahon Journal Of Physics: Conference Series 377, 012040 23rd International Conference on High Pressure Science and Technology (AIRAPT-23) DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/377/1/012040 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Using in-situ x-ray diffraction, the melting curve of potassium was determined to 22 GPa and was found to be remarkably similar to that of sodium, and strikingly different to that reported previously. The existence of a maximum in the bcc phase was determined at 5.8(5) GPa and 530(10) K; the melting temperature was then observed to decrease over several GPa, flattening out at the bcc-fcc-liquid triple point at 13.6(3) GPa and 466(10) K, before further decreasing from 15.6(3) GPa to a minimum at 19(1) GPa and 390(10) K. It then regained a positive slope and increased rapidly at a rate of 65(5) K/GPa In the tI19 phase it was observed that the guest chains "melted" before the host structure at 20.3(3) GPa and 420(10) K, but were solid at 22.5(3) GPa and 350(10) K.	Jul 2012
Accelerator Physics Detectors	Microbunch instability observations from a THz detector at Diamond Light Source W. Shields , R. Bartolini , G. Boorman , P. Karataev , A. Lyapin , J. Puntree , G. Rehm Journal Of Physics: Conference Series 357 IX International Symposium on Radiation from Relativistic Electrons in Periodic Structures DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/357/1/012037 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Diamond Light source is a third generation synchrotron facility dedicated to producing radiation of outstanding brightness, ranging from infra-red to x-rays. The short electron bunches that are accelerated around the storage ring are susceptible to the phenomenon of microbunching instabilities when the bunch charge exceeds a threshold. The primary feature of the microbunch instabilities is the onset of bursts of radiation in the THz range. The high frequencies involved in the emissions make detection and analysis challenging. A 60-90 GHz Schottky Barrier Diode detector was installed to investigate turn by turn evolution of the instabilities.	May 2012
I22-Small angle scattering & Diffraction	SAXS study of sterically stabilized lipid nanocarriers functionalized by DNA Borislav Angelov , Angelina Angelova , Sergey Filippov , Göran Karlsson , Nicholas Terrill , Sylviane Lesieur , Petr Stepanek Journal of Physics: Conference Series 351 SANS-YuMO User Meeting at the Start-up of Scientific Experiments on the IBR-2M Reactor: Devoted to the 75th anniversary of Yu M Ostanevich's birth 27–30 May 2011, Dubna, Russia DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/351/1/012004 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [3313] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The structure of novel spontaneously self-assembled plasmid DNA/lipid complexes is investigated by means of synchrotron radiation small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and Cryo-TEM imaging. Liquid crystalline (LC) hydrated lipid systems are prepared using the non-ionic lipids monoolein and DOPE-PEG2000 and the cationic amphiphile CTAB. The employed plasmid DNA (pDNA) is encoding for the human protein brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). A coexistence of nanoparticulate objects with different LC inner organizations is established. A transition from bicontinuous membrane sponges, cubosome intermediates and unilamelar liposomes to multilamellar vesicles, functionalized by pDNA, is favoured upon binding and compaction of pBDNF onto the cationic PEGylated lipid nanocarriers. The obtained sterically stabilized multicompartment nanoobjects, with confined supercoiled plasmid DNA (pBDNF), are important in the context of multicompartment lipid nanocarriers of interest for gene therapy of neurodegenerative diseases.	Mar 2012
	Role of water on formation and structural features of Maya blue C. Mondelli , M. Sánchez Del Río , M. A. González , A. Magazzú , C. Cavallari , M. Suárez , E. García-Romero , P. Romano Journal Of Physics: Conference Series 340 5th European Conference on Neutron Scattering DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/340/1/012109 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The Maya blue (MB) is an artificial pigment created between 500-800 A.D. and used in murals, pottery and sculptures by Mayas and other people in Mesoamerica. MB is resistant to age, acid, weathering, biodegradation and even modern chemical solvents, but the chemical reasons behind the resistance to chemical aggressions are still under debate. Water plays a fundamental role in the interactions between indigo and clay. The dynamics of the clay's zeolitic and structural water molecules during the formation of MB, usually stabilized by moderate heating, has been monitored by means of neutron inelastic scattering. Neutron incoherent scattering in these samples is only due to the hydrogen atoms, so the signal is very sensitive to the amount of released water, providing detailed information on the dehydration process. A simultaneous analysis of the coherent elastic scattering and the incoherent scattering allows observing and quantifying how the structure of the clay is affected by dehydration. Here we show that a quite resistant pigment can be obtained at room temperature simply by dehydrating a palygorskite-indigo mixture employing only vacuum, without any thermal treatment	Feb 2012
I11-High Resolution Powder Diffraction	Morphological templating of metastable calcium carbonates by the amino acid leucine S. P. Thompson , J. E. Parker , S. R. Street , C. C. Tang Journal Of Physics: Conference Series 286 (1) Condensed Matter and Materials Physics Conference (CMMP10) DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/286/1/012030 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The in vitro precipitation of the metastable CaCO3 phases aragonite and vaterite in the presence of leucine is investigated. Under normal conditions, the production of CaCO3 via the hydrolysis of urea method favours the formation of regular needle-like aragonite crystals, with very minor quantities of vaterite and calcite. However in the presence of leucine, aragonite forms highly branched structures and the vaterite yield is increased, forming flower-like clusters composed of nano-thin sheets. Both the degree of aragonite branching and the occurrence, regularity of shape and number of vaterite "petals" increases with leucine concentration. The two phases exhibit different variations in their crystallographic parameters with increasing concentration, while the molecular structure appears unaffected.	Mar 2011
I22-Small angle scattering & Diffraction	Collagen imaged by Coherent X-ray Diffraction: towards a complementary tool to conventional scanning SAXS Felisa Berenguer , Richard Bean , Catriona Mccallion , Kris Wallace , Laurent Bozec , Jennifer Hiller , Nicholas Terrill , Ian Robinson Journal of Physics: Conference Series 247 (1) SAS 2009 DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/247/1/012004 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Third generation x-ray sources offer unique possibilities for exploiting coherence in the study of materials. New insights in the structure and dynamics of soft condensed matter and biological samples can be obtained by coherent x-ray diffraction (CXD). However, the experimental procedures for applying these methods to collagen tissues are still under development. We present here an investigation for the optimal procedure in order to obtain high quality CXD data from collagen tissues. Sample handling and preparation and adequate coherence defining apertures are among the more relevant factors to take into account. The impact of the results is also discussed, in particular in comparison with the information that can be extracted from conventional scanning small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). Images of collagen tissues obtained by CXD reconstructions will give additional information about the local structure with higher resolution and will complement scanning SAXS images.	Nov 2010
I22-Small angle scattering & Diffraction	Complex fluids under microflow probed by SAXS: rapid microfabrication and analysis Hazel Martin , Nick Brooks , John Seddon , Nicholas Terrill , Paul Luckham , Adam Kowalski , Joao Cabral Journal of Physics: Conference Series 247 (1) SAS 2009 DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/247/1/012050 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: We report a combined microfluidic and online synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) study of complex surfactant mixtures under flow. We investigate the influence of a series of flow constrictions, generating well-defined, periodic extensional flow fields, on the microstructure of two model surfactant mixtures containing SDS and CTAC. Specifically, the lamella spacing, orientation and structural order are reported and correlated with the imposed flow field: geometry, flow velocity and residence time. The design, fabrication and operation of a microfluidic system using rapid prototyping is described in detail. We show that polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS), ubiquitous in microfabrication, provides a suitable matrix for SAXS microdevices provided that: (i) PDMS thickness are kept to a minimum while retaining structural integrity (~1000μm) and (ii) scattering from the structure of interest is sufficiently decoupled from the amorphous background scattering. The combination SAXS-microfluidics provides unprecedented opportunities to elucidate the non-equilibrium structure formation and relaxation of complex fluids, demonstrated here for concentrated surfactant mixtures.	Nov 2010

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