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14,119 items found (14 items not approved), displaying 71 to 80.[First/Prev] 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 [Next/Last]

Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published
I12-JEEP: Joint Engineering, Environmental and Processing	3D correlative imaging of lithium ion concentration in a vertically oriented electrode microstructure with a density gradient Chun Huang , Matthew Wilson , Kosuke Suzuki , Enzo Liotti , Thomas Connolley , Oxana Magdysyuk , Stephen Collins , Frederic Van Assche , Matthieu N Boone , Matthew C. Veale , Andrew Lui , Rhian-Mair Wheater , Chu Lun Alex Leung Advanced Science 92 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105723 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [23400] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The performance of Li+ ion batteries (LIBs) is hindered by steep Li+ ion concentration gradients in the electrodes. Although thick electrodes (≥300 µm) have the potential for reducing the proportion of inactive components inside LIBs and increasing battery energy density, the Li+ ion concentration gradient problem is exacerbated. Most understanding of Li+ ion diffusion in the electrodes is based on computational modeling because of the low atomic number (Z) of Li. There are few experimental methods to visualize Li+ ion concentration distribution of the electrode within a battery of typical configurations, for example, coin cells with stainless steel casing. Here, for the first time, an interrupted in situ correlative imaging technique is developed, combining novel, full-field X-ray Compton scattering imaging with X-ray computed tomography that allows 3D pixel-by-pixel mapping of both Li+ stoichiometry and electrode microstructure of a LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 cathode to correlate the chemical and physical properties of the electrode inside a working coin cell battery. An electrode microstructure containing vertically oriented pore arrays and a density gradient is fabricated. It is shown how the designed electrode microstructure improves Li+ ion diffusivity, homogenizes Li+ ion concentration through the ultra-thick electrode (1 mm), and improves utilization of electrode active materials.	Apr 2022
I13-2-Diamond Manchester Imaging	3D cyclorama for digital unrolling and visualisation of deformed tubes Charalambos Rossides , Sylvia L. F. Pender , Philipp Schneider Scientific Reports 11 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93184-x Diamond Proposal Number(s): [22588, 17241] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Colonic crypts are tubular glands that multiply through a symmetric branching process called crypt fission. During the early stages of colorectal cancer, the normal fission process is disturbed, leading to asymmetrical branching or budding. The challenging shapes of the budding crypts make it difficult to prepare paraffin sections for conventional histology, resulting in colonic cross sections with crypts that are only partially visible. To study crypt budding in situ and in three dimensions (3D), we employ X-ray micro-computed tomography to image intact colons, and a new method we developed (3D cyclorama) to digitally unroll them. Here, we present, verify and validate our ‘3D cyclorama’ method that digitally unrolls deformed tubes of non-uniform thickness. It employs principles from electrostatics to reform the tube into a series of onion-like surfaces, which are mapped onto planar panoramic views. This enables the study of features extending over several layers of the tube’s depth, demonstrated here by two case studies: (i) microvilli in the human placenta and (ii) 3D-printed adhesive films for drug delivery. Our 3D cyclorama method can provide novel insights into a wide spectrum of applications where digital unrolling or flattening is necessary, including long bones, teeth roots and ancient scrolls.	Jul 2021
I15-Extreme Conditions	3D local atomic structure evolution in a solidifying Al-0.4Sc dilute alloy melt revealed in operando by synchrotron X-ray total scattering and modelling Shi Huang , Shifeng Luo , Ling Qin , Da Shu , Baode Sun , Alexander J. G. Lunt , Alexander M. Korsunsky , Jiawei Mi Scripta Materialia 408 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2021.114484 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [20883] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Using synchrotron X-ray total scattering and empirical potential structure refinement modelling, we studied systematically in operando condition the disorder-to-order local atomic structure transition in a pure Al and a dilute Al-0.4Sc alloy melt in the temperature range from 690 °C to 657 °C. In the liquid state, icosahedral short-range ordered Sc-centred Al polyhedrons form and most of them with Al coordination number of 10–12. As the melt is cooled to the semisolid state, the most Sc-centred polyhedrons become more connected atom clusters via vertex, edge and face-sharing. These polyhedrons exhibit partially icosahedral and partially face-centred-cubic symmetry. The medium-range ordered Sc-centred clusters with face-sharing are proved to be the “precursors” of the L12 Al3Sc primary phases in the liquid-solid coexisting state.	Jan 2022
E02-JEM ARM 300CF I22-Small angle scattering & Diffraction	3D nanostructured palladium with single diamond architecture for enhanced catalytic activity Matthew Burton , Anand Selvam , Jake Lawrie-Ashton , Adam M. Squires , Nicholas Terrill , Iris Nandhakumar Acs Applied Materials & Interfaces DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b13230 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [14925, 10330, 16964] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Fuel cells are a key new green technology that have applications in both transport and portable power generation. Carbon supported platinum (Pt) is used as an anode and cathode electrocatalyst in low-temperature fuel cells fuelled with hydrogen or low molecular weight alcohols. The cost of Pt and the limited world supply are significant barriers to the widespread use of these types of fuel cells. Compara-tively palladium has a three times higher abundance in the Earth’s crust. Here a facile, low temperature and scalable synthetic route to-wards 3D nanostructured palladium (Pd) employing electrochemical templating from inverse lyotropic lipid phases is presented. The obtained single diamond morphology Pd nanostructures exhibited excellent catalytic activity and stability towards methanol, ethanol and glycerol oxidation compared to commercial Pd black and the nanostructure was verified by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), scanning tunneling electron microscopy (STEM) as well as by cyclic voltammetry (CV).	Oct 2018
I13-2-Diamond Manchester Imaging	3D numerical investigation of the effects of altered mechanical loading during skeletal growth Kamel Madi , Peter Lee , Katherine Staines , Andrew Pitsillides , Andrew Bodey , Brian Bay IUPESM World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Diamond Proposal Number(s): [5003]	Jun 2015
I19-Small Molecule Single Crystal Diffraction	3D open-framework vanadoborate as a highly effective heterogeneous pre-catalyst for the oxidation of alkylbenzenes Hong Chen , Youqian Deng , Zhengbao Yu , Huishuang Zhao , Qingxia Yao , Xiaodong Zou , Jan-E. Backvall , Junliang Sun Chemistry Of Materials 25 (24), 5031 - 5036 DOI: 10.1021/cm401400m Diamond Proposal Number(s): [8833] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Three three-dimensional (3D) open-framework vanadoborates, denoted as SUT-6-Zn, SUT-6-Mn, and SUT-6-Ni, were synthesized using diethylenetriamine as a template. SUT-6-Zn, SUT-6-Mn, and SUT-6-Ni are isostructural and built from (VO)12O6 B18O36(OH)6 clusters bridged by ZnO5, MnO6, and NiO6 polyhedra, respectively, to form the 3D frameworks. SUT-6 is the first vanadoborate with a 3D framework. The framework follows a semiregular hxg net topology with a 2-fold interpenetrated diamond-like channel system. The amount of template used in the synthesis played an important role in the dimensionality of the resulting vanadoborate structures. A small amount of diethylenetriamine led to the formation of this first 3D vanadoborate framework, while an increased amount of diethylenetriamine resulted in vanadoborates with zero-dimensional (0D) and one-dimensional (1D) structures. SUT-6-Zn was proved to be an efficient heterogeneous precatalyst for the oxidation of alkylbenzenes.	Dec 2013
I22-Small angle scattering & Diffraction	3D ordered gold strings by coating nanoparticles with mesogens Feng Liu , Alan Fowler , Liliana Cseh , Georg Mehl , Emyr Macdonald , Goran Ungar , Xiangbing Zeng Advanced Materials 21 (17), 1746 - 1750 DOI: 10.1002/adma.200803403 Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Gold nanoparticles covered with a nematic liquid-crystal ligand laterally attached via a thioalkyl spacer and a thioalkane "diluent" exhibit 3D ordering in strings jacketed by the mesogens with controllable interparticle spacing. The particles form rhombohedral, hexagonal, and rectangular columnar superlattices, not the usual packing modes of spheres.	Mar 2009
I13-2-Diamond Manchester Imaging	3D printed silica-gelatin hybrid scaffolds of specific channel sizes promote collagen type II, Sox9 and Aggrecan production from chondrocytes Maria Nelson , Siwei Li , Samuel J. Page , Xiaomeng Shi , Peter D. Lee , Molly M. Stevens , John V. Hanna , Julian R. Jones Materials Science And Engineering: C DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.111964 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [15444] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Inorganic/organic hybrids have co-networks of inorganic and organic components, with the aim of obtaining synergy of the properties of those components. Here, a silica-gelatin sol-gel hybrid “ink” was directly 3D printed to produce 3D grid-like scaffolds, using a coupling agent, 3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPTMS), to form covalent bonds between the silicate and gelatin co-networks. Scaffolds were printed with 1 mm strut separation, but the drying method affected the final architecture and properties. Freeze drying produced <40 μm struts and large ~700 μm channels. Critical point drying enabled strut consolidation and optimal mechanical properties, with ~160 μm struts and ~200 μm channels, which improved mechanical properties. This architecture was critical to cellular response: when chondrocytes were seeded on the scaffolds with 200 μm wide pore channels in vitro, collagen Type II matrix was preferentially produced (negligible amount of Type I or X were observed), indicative of hyaline-like cartilaginous matrix formation, but when pore channels were 700 μm wide, Type I collagen was prevalent. This was supported by Sox9 and Aggrecan expression. The scaffolds have potential for regeneration of articular cartilage regeneration, particularly in sports medicine cases.	Feb 2021
I13-2-Diamond Manchester Imaging	3D printing bioinspired ceramic composites Ezra Feilden , Claudio Ferraro , Qinghua Zhang , Esther García-Tuñón , Eleonora D'Elia , Finn Giuliani , Luc Vandeperre , Eduardo Saiz Scientific Reports 7 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14236-9 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Natural structural materials like bone and shell have complex, hierarchical architectures designed to control crack propagation and fracture. In modern composites there is a critical trade-off between strength and toughness. Natural structures provide blueprints to overcome this, however this approach introduces another trade-off between fine structural manipulation and manufacturing complex shapes in practical sizes and times. Here we show that robocasting can be used to build ceramic-based composite parts with a range of geometries, possessing microstructures unattainable by other production technologies. This is achieved by manipulating the rheology of ceramic pastes and the shear forces they experience during printing. To demonstrate the versatility of the approach we have fabricated highly mineralized composites with microscopic Bouligand structures that guide crack propagation and twisting in three dimensions, which we have followed using an original in-situ crack opening technique. In this way we can retain strength while enhancing toughness by using strategies taken from crustacean shells.	Oct 2017
I22-Small angle scattering & Diffraction	3D semiconducting nanostructures via inverse lipid cubic phases M. R. Burton , C. Lei , P. A. Staniec , N. J. Terrill , A. M. Squires , N. M. White , Iris S. Nandhakumar Scientific Reports 7 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06895-5 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [14925, 10330] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Well-ordered and highly interconnected 3D semiconducting nanostructures of bismuth sulphide were prepared from inverse cubic lipid mesophases. This route offers significant advantages in terms of mild conditions, ease of use and electrode architecture over other routes to nanomaterials synthesis for device applications. The resulting 3D bicontinous nanowire network films exhibited a single diamond topology of symmetry Fd3m (Q227) which was verified by Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and holds great promise for potential applications in optoelectronics, photovoltaics and thermoelectrics.	Jul 2017

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