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Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published	Actions
B18-Core EXAFS	Mixed molybdenum and vanadium oxide nanoparticles with excellent high-power performance as Li-ion battery negative electrodes Dustin Bauer , Thomas E. Ashton , Dan J. L. Brett , Paul R. Shearing , Noriyoshi Matsumi , Jawwad A. Darr Electrochimica Acta DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.134695 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [14239] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Several nano-sized mixed molybdenum/vanadium oxide monoclinic solid solutions were synthesised using a continuous hydrothermal flow process and studied with a wide range of physical characterization techniques including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The nanomaterials were tested as anodes for Li-ion batteries in the potential range 0.05–3.00 V vs. Li/Li+. Samples with nominal formulas of Mo0.5V0.5O2 and Mo0.33V0.67O2 showed excellent performance, especially at high current rates, due to their highly pseudocapacitive charge storage mechanism. At a specific current of 10 A g−1, Mo0.5V0.5O2 and Mo0.33V0.67O2 showed specific capacities of ca. 200 and 170 mAh g−1, respectively. Mo0.5V0.5O2 also showed good cyclability, with a specific capacity of 480 mAh g−1 after 150 cycles at a specific current of 0.5 A g−1. For cyclic voltammetries conducted at high scan rates, pseudocapacitive charge storage contributed more than 90% to the total charge storage for both samples. The scalability of the synthesis technique and excellent electrochemical performance at high power make these materials promising as negative electrode active materials for Li-ion batteries.	Aug 2019
I12-JEEP: Joint Engineering, Environmental and Processing	Cycling rate-induced spatially-resolved heterogeneities in commercial cylindrical Li-ion batteries Antonios Vamvakeros , Dorota Matras , Thomas E. Ashton , Alan A. Coelho , Hongyang Dong , Dustin Bauer , Yaroslav Odarchenko , Stephen W. T. Price , Keith T. Butler , Olof Gutowski , Ann-Christin Dippel , Martin Von Zimmerman , Jawwad Darr , Simon D. M. Jacques , Andrew M. Beale Small Methods 33 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100512 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Synchrotron high-energy X-ray diffraction computed tomography has been employed to investigate, for the first time, commercial cylindrical Li-ion batteries electrochemically cycled over the two cycling rates of C/2 and C/20. This technique yields maps of the crystalline components and chemical species as a cross-section of the cell with high spatiotemporal resolution (550 × 550 images with 20 × 20 × 3 µm3 voxel size in ca. 1 h). The recently developed Direct Least-Squares Reconstruction algorithm is used to overcome the well-known parallax problem and led to accurate lattice parameter maps for the device cathode. Chemical heterogeneities are revealed at both electrodes and are attributed to uneven Li and current distributions in the cells. It is shown that this technique has the potential to become an invaluable diagnostic tool for real-world commercial batteries and for their characterization under operating conditions, leading to unique insights into “real” battery degradation mechanisms as they occur.	Aug 2021

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