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Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published	Actions
	Hierarchical zeolite catalysed fructose dehydration to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural within a biphasic solvent system under microwave irradiation Huaizhong Xiang , Shima Zainal , Henry Jones , Xiaoxia Ou , Carmine D'Agostino , Jesus Esteban , Christopher Parlett , Xiaolei Fan Rsc Sustainability DOI: 10.1039/D3SU00162H Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Realising sustainability within the chemical industry necessitates a shift from the traditional linear approach, based on crude oil, to a circular economy using alternative feedstock such as biomass, from which 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a potentially highly interesting platform chemical. While its production is relatively straightforward via the dehydration of fructose, derived from either saccharides or lignocellulosic biomass, its production is hindered by undesirable side reactions, which diminish overall HMF yield. Here we report a green, highly selective approach to producing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from fructose based on the co-deployment of a biphasic reaction media, microwave radiation, and a commercial solid acid catalyst (FAU Y zeolites). Following an initial evaluation of catalyst-solvent interactions and diffusion, a hierarchical mesoporous Y zeolite was chosen and deployed within a range of reaction media and process conditions for process optimisation, identifying a biphasic system consisting of ((6:4 Water:DMSO) / (7:3 MIBK:2-BuOH)) as the optimal reaction media. This solvent combination facilitated an HMF yield of ~73.9 mol% with an excellent selectivity of ~86.1 % at 160 ℃ after only 45 minutes under the microwave condition. These, in turn, result in optimal energy efficiency and excellent green credentials relative to conventional heating.	Jul 2023
B18-Core EXAFS	Tailoring lixiviant properties to optimise selectivity in E-waste recycling Jennifer M. Hartley , Sean Scott , Rodolfo Marin Rivera , Phil Hunt , Anthony J. Lucio , Philip Bird , Robert Harris , Gawen R. T. Jenkin , Andrew P. Abbott Rsc Sustainability 15 DOI: 10.1039/D2SU00038E Diamond Proposal Number(s): [26622] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The scale of E-waste production makes the selective recovery of technology metals an important research topic. It has previously been shown that deep eutectic solvents, DESs, can be used to rapidly digest gold and in the current study the effect of varying water and ethylene glycol content on the ability to selectively recover metals in DESs was investigated. It was found that increased water content resulted in an increase in metal etching rates for copper due to the decreasing viscosity of the solution, but etching rates of nickel, silver and gold were decreased due to the competition between chloride and oxide/hydroxide chemistry causing passivating films to form. Iodine was used as a catalyst and speciation was investigated in different solvent compositions. The ratio of the two trihalide species was mostly unaffected by solvent composition, but the presence of molecular iodine was detected with 20 wt% water due to decreased iodine solubility resulting from lower chloride concentration. It was determined that solvent physical properties were most important for metal etching rates at low water content, but at high water content the effect of oxide/hydroxide chemistry was more significant, resulting in the possibility of selective metal etching of copper from PCBs.	Nov 2022

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