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14,367 items found (26 items not approved), displaying 1 to 10.[First/Prev] 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 [Next/Last]

Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published	Actions
	Design of open-framework germanates Kirsten E. Christensen Crystallography Reviews 16 (2), 91-104 DOI: 10.1080/08893110903428043 Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: For zeolite-type frameworks the focus has for a long time been put on producing new structures that can give optimized properties for a variety of different purposes. Many new structures have been produced on a trial and error basis. Open-framework germanates have played the role of forming many new structures as it is easier to form certain building units within the germanate system. It is time to start comparing synthesis mechanisms and building units to determine how we can control the synthesis. Here we will give an overview of some of the structures found within the open-framework germanate system and demonstrate that in order for more optimized systems to be synthesized there is a clear need for the more detailed comparison of the structural systematics of existing materials.	Apr 2010
	Discrete site surface complexation constants for lanthanide adsorption to bacteria as determined by experiments and linear free energy relationships Bryne T. Ngwenya , Marisa Magennis , Valerie Olive , Robert M. Ellam , J. Fred W. Mosselmans Environmental Science & Technology 44 (2), 650-6 DOI: 10.1021/es9014234 Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Bacteria are abundant in many natural and engineered environments where they are thought to exert important controls on the cycling, mobility, bioavailability, and toxicity of metal contaminants. In order to probe their role in moderating the behavior of lanthanides, pH-dependent adsorption edges of 13 individual lanthanides and yttrium to the Gram-negative bacterium Pantoea agglomerans were used to generate discrete site surface complexation constants. The calculated surface complexation constants were compared with stability constants estimated using linear free energy relationships based on a number of hydroxyl-containing ligands. The experimental data suggests that lanthanide adsorption edges below pH 6.5 are consistent with adsorption to phosphate groups for the light and some of the middle lanthanides (La to Gd), whereas some of the middle and heavy lanthanides appear to favor carboxyl co-ordination (Tb to Yb), although exceptions occur in each grouping. The experimentally derived surface complexation constants for carboxyl coordination were of similar magnitude to stability constants estimated from linear free energy correlations using fulvic acid stability constants. The implication is that the adsorption of lanthanides to bacterial surfaces could be modeled reasonably well using lanthanide stability constants for natural organic matter, except perhaps at low pH where phosphate binding dominates.	Jan 2010
	Macroscopic and spectroscopic analysis of lanthanide adsorption to bacterial cells Bryne T. Ngwenya , Marisa Magennis , Janette Tourney , Valerie Olive , Robert M. Ellam , Kirk D. Atkinson , J. Fred W. Mosselmans Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta 73 (11), 3134-3147 DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2009.03.018 Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: This study was designed to combine surface complexation modelling of macroscopic adsorption data with X-ray Absorption Spectroscopic (XAS) measurements to identify lanthanide sorption sites on the bacterial surface. The adsorption of selected representatives for light (La and Nd), middle (Sm and Gd) and heavy (Er and Yb) lanthanides was measured as a function of pH, and biomass samples exposed to 4 mg/L lanthanide at pH 3.5 and 6 were analysed using XAS. Surface complexation modelling was consistent with the light lanthanides adsorbing to phosphate sites, whereas the adsorption of middle and heavy lanthanides could be modelled equally well by carboxyl and phosphate sites. The existence of such mixed mode coordination was confirmed by Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) analysis, which was also consistent with adsorption to phosphate sites at low pH, with secondary involvement of carboxyl sites at high adsorption density (high pH). Thus, the two approaches yield broadly consistent information with regard to surface site identity and lanthanide coordination environment. Furthermore, spectroscopic analysis suggests that coordination to phosphate sites is monodentate at the metal/biomass ratios used. Based oil the best-fitting pK(a) site, we infer that the phosphate sites are located on N-acetylglucosamine phosphate, the most likely polymer on gram-negative cells with potential phosphate sites that deprotonate around neutral pH.	Jun 2009
	Applications of the CATGIXRF computer program to the grazing incidence X-ray fluorescence and X-ray reflectivity characterization of thin films and surface M. K. Tiwari , G. S. Lodha , K. J. S. Sawhney Journal Of X-Ray Spectrometry 39 (2), 127 - 134 DOI: 10.1002/xrs.1215 Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Grazing incidence x-ray fluorescence (GIXRF) analysis technique has the potential of being one of the most powerful and versatile methods for characterization of layered materials, as it combines features of both x-ray reflectivity (XRR) and x-ray fluorescence techniques. GIXRF technique allows non-destructive evaluation of layer thickness, interface roughness, interlayer formation and depth profiling for an impurity element inside a layer medium or in the substrates. A computer program CATGIXRF, has been developed for GIXRF characterization of thin film and surfaces. Methodology of the program and its various features has been discussed in detail. The program offers analysis of GIXRF and XRR data simultaneously. The utility of the program has been demonstrated by example calculations and by providing a few examples of XRR and GIXRF characterization of a variety of thin-layered materials.	Sep 2009
	Magnetic Imaging and Spectroscopy Workshop Sara Fletcher , Sarnjeet Dhesi , Gerrit Van Der Laan Synchrotron Radiation News 22 (5), 36 - 38 Synchrotron Radiation News DOI: 10.1080/08940880903256841 Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: This workshop was held to gather scientists interested in exploiting beamlines I06 and I10 of the Surface and Interfaces Village at Diamond Light Source from June 10–11, 2009. Sarnjeet Dhesi introduced the meeting with a short explanation of the village structure at Diamond. This village includes the Nanoscience beamline (I06), catering for soft X-rays for Photo-Emission Electron Microscopy (PEEM) and X-ray Magnetic Circular and Linear Dichroism (XMCD and XMLD), and the Beam Line for Advanced Dichroism Experiments (BLADE, beamline I10), which is a polarized soft X-ray beam for XMCD, XMLD, and soft X-ray diffraction. I06 has been operational for over two years, while I10 is scheduled to come on-line in late 2010. In addition, there are two surface science beamlines (I07 and I09) in the village dedicated to surface diffraction and X-ray standing waves.	Sep 2009
	The Phase 1 MX beamlines at Diamond Light Source: Experience from operation and commissioning Ralf Flaig	Aug 2009
	Facile method for spectroscopic examination of radical ions of hydrophilic carotenoids Kalbe Razi Naqvi , Thor Bernt Melo , Tamas Javorfi , Sergio Gonzalez-Perez , Juan Arellano Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 11 (30), 6401-6405 DOI: 10.1039/b905454e Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Hydrophilic carotenoids, unusual members of an intrinsically hydrophobic family, and their radical ions are important reactants. An all-optical method for generating singly charged radical ions of a hydrophilic carotenoid (Car) is described. It relies on photolyzing an aqueous mixture of Car and a photoionizable auxiliary solute (A), and making conditions conducive to the capture, by Car, of the hydrated electron (e−aq) or the positive hole in A˙+ or both. When A is Trolox (TOH), only e−aq can be captured, since TOH˙+ deprotonates too rapidly to be a hole donor; when A is Trolox methyl ether (TOMe), both Car˙− and Car˙+ are formed, since TOMe˙+ lives long enough to transfer its positive hole to Car; formation of Car˙− is prevented under aerobic conditions.	Aug 2009
	The atypical iron-coordination geometry of cytochrome f remains unchanged upon binding to plastocyanin, as inferred by XAS Irene Díaz-Moreno , Sofia Diaz-Moreno , Gloria Subias , Miguel A. De La Rosa , Antonio Díaz-Quintana Photosynthesis Research 90 (1), 23 - 28 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-006-9102-8 PMID: 17111237 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The transient complex between cytochrome f and plastocyanin from the cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. PCC 7119 has been analysed by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy in solution, using both proteins in their oxidized and reduced states. Fe K-edge data mainly shows that the atypical metal coordination geometry of cytochrome f, in which the N-terminal amino acid acts as an axial ligand of the heme group, remains unaltered upon binding to its redox partner, plastocyanin. This fact suggests that cytochrome f provides a stable binding site for plastocyanin and minimizes the reorganization energy required in the transient complex formation, which could facilitate the electron transfer between the two redox partners.	Nov 2006
	Thermodynamic investigation of the adsorption of Amides on graphite from their liquids and binary mixtures Thomas Arnold , Stuart M. Clarke Langmuir 24, 3325-3335 DOI: 10.1021/la703070v Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: We report a thermodynamic investigation of the adsorption of saturated and unsaturated (cis- and trans-) alkyl amides onto the surface of graphite from their pure liquids and from binary mixtures. We identify the formation of solid monolayers of the amides at temperatures when the bulk materials are liquid. The extent of this presolidification is much more extensive than other related materials, indicating that these amide layers are significantly more stable. The monolayer stability is found to be greatest for saturated amides. In addition, the stability of unsaturated amides is extremely sensitive to the location of the double bonds in the alkyl chain of the molecules, and trans isomers are found to be more stable than cis. We also address the preferential adsorption and mixing behavior of amide mixtures and amides mixed with other species coadsorbed onto graphite from binary solution. The results indicate that the amide molecules appear to be adsorbed with their principal axis parallel to the graphite surface and that amides are found to be strongly preferentially adsorbed with respect to alkanes. Interestingly the amides appear to mix rather better than might have been expected. There is also evidence of a number of other transitions in the adsorbates.	Feb 2008
	Reductive microbial transformations of iron oxides; engineering biominerals for the remediation of metals and organics John Lloyd , Vicky Coker , Anon Cutting , Anon Hofstetter , Anon Mosberger , Richard Pattrick , Gerrit Van Der Laan , Anon Vaughan , Neil Telling , Anon Pearce Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta 73 19th Annual VM Goldschmidt Conference	Jan 2009

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