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Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published	Actions
	Multiple low-temperature skyrmionic states in a bulk chiral magnet Lars J. Bannenberg , Heribert Wilhelm , Robert Cubitt , Ankit Labh , Marcus P. Schmidt , Eddy Lelièvre-Berna , Catherine Pappas , Maxim Mostovoy , Andrey O. Leonov Npj Quantum Materials 4 DOI: 10.1038/s41535-019-0150-7 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Magnetic skyrmions are topologically protected nanoscale spin textures with particle-like properties. In bulk cubic helimagnets, they appear under applied magnetic fields and condense spontaneously into a lattice in a narrow region of the phase diagram just below the magnetic ordering temperature, the so-called A-phase. Theory, however, predicts skyrmions to be locally stable in a wide range of magnetic fields and temperatures. Our neutron diffraction measurements reveal the formation of skyrmion states in large areas of the magnetic phase diagram, from the lowest temperatures up to the A-phase. We show that nascent and disappearing spiral states near critical lines catalyze topological charge changing processes, leading to the formation and destruction of skyrmionic states at low temperatures, which are thermodynamically stable or metastable depending on the orientation and strength of the magnetic field. Skyrmions are surprisingly resilient to high magnetic fields: the memory of skyrmion lattice states persists in the field polarized state, even when the skyrmion lattice signal has disappeared. These findings highlight the paramount role of magnetic anisotropies in stabilizing skyrmionic states and open up new routes for manipulating these quasi-particles towards energy-efficient spintronics applications.	Apr 2019
	Oriented 3D magnetic biskyrmions in mnniga bulk crystals Xiyang Li , Shilei Zhang , Hang Li , Diego Alba Venero , Jonathan S White , Robert Cubitt , Qingzhen Huang , Jie Chen , Lunhua He , Gerrit Van Der Laan , Wenhong Wang , Thorsten Hesjedal , Fangwei Wang Advanced Materials 7, 1900264 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900264 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: A biskyrmion consists of two bound, topologically stable, skyrmion spin textures. These coffee‐bean‐shaped objects are observed in real space in thin plates using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM). From LTEM imaging alone, it is not clear whether biskyrmions are surface‐confined objects, or, analogous to skyrmions in non-centrosymmetric helimagnets, 3D tube‐like structures in a bulk sample. Here, the biskyrmion form factor is investigated in single‐ and polycrystalline‐MnNiGa samples using small‐angle neutron scattering. It is found that biskyrmions are not long‐range ordered, not even in single crystals. Surprisingly all of the disordered biskyrmions have their in‐plane symmetry axis aligned along certain directions, governed by the magneto-crystalline anisotropy. This anisotropic nature of biskyrmions may be further exploited to encode information.	Mar 2019

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