The molecular basis of endolytic activity of a multidomain alginate lyase from Defluviitalea phaphyphila, a representative of a new lyase family, PLxx

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.010716

Authors: Shiqi Ji (Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences) , Samuel R. Dix (The University of Sheffield) , Adli A. Aziz (The University of Sheffield) , Svetlana E. Sedelnikova (The University of Shefield) , Patrick J. Baker (The University of Sheffield) , John B. Rafferty (The University of Sheffield) , Per A. Bullough (The University of Sheffield) , Svetomir B. Tzokov (The University of Sheffield) , Jon Agirre (University of York) , Fu-Li Li (Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences) , David W. Rice (The University of Sheffield)
Co-authored by industrial partner: No

Type: Journal Paper
Journal: Journal Of Biological Chemistry

State: Published (Approved)
Published: October 2019
Diamond Proposal Number(s): 17773

Abstract: Alginate is a polymer containing two uronic acid epimers, β-d-mannuronate (M) and α-l-guluronate (G), and is a major component of brown seaweed that is depolymerized by alginate lyases. These enzymes have diverse specificity, cleaving the chain with endo- or exotype activity and with differential selectivity for the sequence of M or G at the cleavage site. Dp0100 is a 201-kDa multi-modular, broad-specificity endotype alginate lyase from the marine thermophile Defluviitalea phaphyphila, which uses brown algae as a carbon source, converting it to ethanol, and bioinformatics analysis suggested that its catalytic domain represents a new polysaccharide lyase family, PLxx. The structure of the Dp0100 catalytic domain, determined at 2.07 Å resolution, revealed that it comprises three regions strongly resembling those of the exotype lyase families PL15 and PL17. The conservation of key catalytic histidine and tyrosine residues belonging to the latter suggest these enzymes share mechanistic similarities. A complex of Dp0100 with a pentasaccharide, M5, showed that the oligosaccharide is located in subsites –2, –1, +1, +2, and +3 in a long, deep canyon open at both ends, explaining the endotype activity of this lyase. This contrasted with the hindered binding sites of the exotype enzymes, which are blocked such that only one sugar moiety can be accommodated at the –1 position in the catalytic site. The biochemical and structural analyses of Dp0100, the first for this new class of endotype alginate lyases, has furthered our understanding of the structure-function and evolutionary relationships within this important class of enzymes.

Journal Keywords: oligosaccharide; substrate specificity; carbohydrate-binding protein; structure-function; alginate lyase; metalloenzyme; crystal structure

Diamond Keywords: Enzymes; Biofuel

Subject Areas: Biology and Bio-materials, Energy, Environment


Instruments: I02-Macromolecular Crystallography , I03-Macromolecular Crystallography , I04-Macromolecular Crystallography

Added On: 23/10/2019 14:29

Documents:
jbc.RA119.010716.full.pdf

Discipline Tags:

Bioenergy Earth Sciences & Environment Sustainable Energy Systems Energy Climate Change Biochemistry Catalysis Chemistry Structural biology Life Sciences & Biotech

Technical Tags:

Diffraction Macromolecular Crystallography (MX)