Electron spin as fingerprint for charge generation and transport in doped organic semiconductors

DOI: 10.1039/D0TC06097F

Authors: Alberto Privitera (University of Oxford) , Ross Warren (University of Oxford) , Giacomo Londi (University of Mons) , Pascal Kaienburg (University of Oxford) , Junjie Liu (University of Oxford) , Andreas Sperlich (University of Würzburg) , Andreas E. Lauritzen (University of Oxford) , Oliver Thimm (IEK5-Photovoltaics, Forschungszentrum Jülich) , Arzhang Ardavan (University of Oxford) , David Beljonne (University of Mons) , Moritz Riede (University of Oxford)
Co-authored by industrial partner: No

Type: Journal Paper
Journal: Journal Of Materials Chemistry C , VOL 210

State: Published (Approved)
Published: February 2021
Diamond Proposal Number(s): 20426

Abstract: We use the electron spin as a probe to gain insight into the mechanism of molecular doping in a p-doped zinc phthalocyanine host across a broad range of temperatures (80–280 K) and doping concentrations (0–5 wt% of F6-TCNNQ). Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy discloses the presence of two main paramagnetic species distinguished by two different g-tensors, which are assigned based on density functional theory calculations to the formation of a positive polaron on the host and a radical anion on the dopant. Close inspection of the EPR spectra shows that radical anions on the dopants couple in an antiferromagnetic manner at device-relevant doping concentrations, thereby suggesting the presence of dopant clustering, and that positive polarons on the molecular host move by polaron hopping with an activation energy of 5 meV. This activation energy is substantially smaller than that inferred from electrical conductivity measurements (∼233 meV), as the latter also includes a (major) contribution from charge-transfer state dissociation. It emerges from this study that probing the electron spin can provide rich information on the nature and dynamics of charge carriers generated upon doping molecular semiconductors, which could serve as a basis for the design of the next generation of dopant and host materials.

Diamond Keywords: Semiconductors; Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs)

Subject Areas: Materials, Physics


Instruments: I07-Surface & interface diffraction

Added On: 10/02/2021 09:55

Documents:
d0tc06097f.pdf

Discipline Tags:

Quantum Materials Physics Physical Chemistry Electronics Chemistry Materials Science

Technical Tags:

Scattering Wide Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS) Grazing Incidence Wide Angle Scattering (GIWAXS)