High sodium-ion battery capacity in sulfur-deficient tin(II) sulfide thin films with a microrod morphology

DOI: 10.1002/sstr.202200396

Authors: Zening Zhu (University of Southampton) , Geoffrey Hyett (University of Southampton) , Gillian Reid (University of Southampton) , Fred Robinson (University of Southampton) , Giannantonio Cibin (Diamond Light Source) , Andrew L. Hector (University of Southampton)
Co-authored by industrial partner: No

Type: Journal Paper
Journal: Small Structures , VOL 7

State: Published (Approved)
Published: February 2023
Diamond Proposal Number(s): 14239

Abstract: Sulfur-deficient SnS thin films for sodium-ion battery anode application are prepared using aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition. Growth directly onto the metal foil current collector forms sulfur-deficient SnS microrod structures via a vapor–liquid–solid growth mechanism, with 92 nm average SnS crystallite size and an 800 nm film thickness. The sulfur deficiency is demonstrated with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, and X-ray absorption near-edge structure analyses. This sulfur-deficient SnS material demonstrates a very high capacity in sodium half cells. The first reduction scan at a specific current of 150 mA g−1 shows a capacity of 1084 mAh g−1. At the 50th cycle the specific capacity is 638 mAh g−1 for reduction and 593 mAh g−1 for oxidation. This capacity is demonstrated for tin sulfide itself without the need for a nanostructured carbon support, unlike previous high capacity SnS anodes in the literature. Both the capacity and ex situ characterization experiments indicate a conversion reaction producing tin, followed by alloying with sodium during reduction, and that both of these processes are reversible during oxidation.

Journal Keywords: aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD); sodium-ion batteries; tin sulfide; X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES)

Diamond Keywords: Batteries; Sodium-ion

Subject Areas: Materials, Chemistry, Energy


Instruments: B18-Core EXAFS

Added On: 02/03/2023 09:55

Documents:
Small Structures - 2023 - Zhu - High Sodium%E2%80%90Ion Battery Capacity in Sulfur%E2%80%90Deficient Tin II Sulfide Thin Films with a.pdf

Discipline Tags:

Surfaces Energy Storage Energy Physics Physical Chemistry Energy Materials Chemistry Materials Science interfaces and thin films

Technical Tags:

Spectroscopy X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES)