Furosemide cocrystals: structures, hydrogen bonding, and implications for properties

DOI: 10.1021/cg401662d

Authors: Bethany I. Harriss (Durham University) , Liana Vella-Zarb (Durham University) , Ivana Radosavljevic Evans (Department of Chemistry, Durham University) , Claire Wilson (Diamond Light Source)
Co-authored by industrial partner: No

Type: Journal Paper
Journal: Crystal Growth & Design , VOL 14 (2) , PAGES 783 - 791

State: Published (Approved)
Published: February 2014

Abstract: In this paper, we report the crystal growth of four cocrystals of furosemide (4-chloro-2-[(2-furanylmethyl)amino]-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid), a loop diuretic drug used for the treatment of hypertension and edemas, prepared with p-aminobenzoic acid, nicotinamide, and isonicotinamide as coformers. We present four new crystal structures and elucidate the intermolecular interactions present in the cocrystals. The structures display interesting supramolecular chemistry: a number of different synthons, as well as short strong hydrogen bonds with partial proton transfer and indications of proton disorder. Using powder X-ray diffraction, solid state NMR, and thermal analysis, we provide evidence for the preparation of bulk samples of two compositions, namely, the 1:1 cocrystal of furosemide and p-aminobenzoic acid and 2:1 cocrystal of furosemide and isonicotinamide, highlighting the general necessity of such multitechnique approaches to characterize organic solids (including cocrystals and solvates) prepared by grinding methods. Finally, we correlate the structural features reported for the first time in this work with the previously published pharmacologically relevant properties (solubility and intrinsic dissolution rate) of the furosemide cocrystals.

Journal Keywords: Cocrystals; Pharmaceuticals

Subject Areas: Materials, Chemistry, Medicine


Instruments: I19-Small Molecule Single Crystal Diffraction

Added On: 23/03/2014 21:06

Discipline Tags:

Chemistry Materials Science Organic Chemistry

Technical Tags:

Diffraction Single Crystal X-ray Diffraction (SXRD)