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Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published
I13-2-Diamond Manchester Imaging	Multiscale characterization of embryonic long bone mineralization in mice Isabella Silva Barreto , Sophie Le Cann , Saima Ahmed , Vivien Sotiriou , Mikael J. Turunen , Ulf Johansson , Angel Rodriguez-Fernandez , Tilman A. Grünewald , Marianne Liebi , Niamh C. Nowlan , Hanna Isaksson Advanced Science 143 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002524 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [14789, 16557] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Long bone mineralization occurs through endochondral ossification, where a cartilage template mineralizes into bone‐like tissue with a hierarchical organization from the whole bone‐scale down to sub‐nano scale. Whereas this process has been extensively studied at the larger length scales, it remains unexplored at some of the smaller length scales. In this study, the changes in morphology, composition, and structure during embryonic mineralization of murine humeri are investigated using a range of high‐resolution synchrotron‐based imaging techniques at several length scales. With micro‐ and nanometer spatial resolution, the deposition of elements and the shaping of mineral platelets are followed. Rapid mineralization of the humeri occurs over approximately four days, where mineral to matrix ratio and calcium content in the most mineralized zone reach adult values shortly before birth. Interestingly, zinc is consistently found to be localized at the sites of ongoing new mineralization. The mineral platelets in the most recently mineralized regions are thicker, longer, narrower, and less aligned compared to those further into the mineralized region. In summary, this study demonstrates a specific spatial distribution of zinc, with highest concentration where new mineral is being deposited and that the newly formed mineral platelets undergo slight reshaping and reorganization during embryonic development.	Sep 2020
I16-Materials and Magnetism	A new chiral phase of BiFeO3 evidenced from resonant x-ray Bragg diffraction A. Rodriguez-Fernandez , S. W. Lovesey , S. P. Collins , G. Nisbet , J. A. Blanco Journal Of Physics: Conference Series 519, 191 REXS 2013 - Workshop on Resonant Elastic X-ray Scattering in Condensed Matter DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/519/1/012012 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [7720] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Results that support a new chiral phase in the only multiferroic material known above room temperature have been obtained by a resonant x-ray Bragg diffraction experiment, with the incoming x-ray beam tuned near the Fe K-edge (7.1135 keV), performed in its ferroelectric phase. The R3c forbidden reflection (0,0,9)H was studied as a function of the rotation of the crystal about the Bragg wavector in both phases, paramagnetic (700 K) and antiferromagnetic (300 K). The data gathered is consistent with a chiral structure formed by a circular cycloid propagating along (1,1,0)H. Templeton and Templeton (T&T) scattering at 700 K is attributed in part to charge-like quadrupoles absent in a standard model of a cycloid in which a material vector generates all electronic states of the resonant ion. Extensive sets of azimuthal-angle data are used to infer values of three atomic multipoles in a satisfactory minimal model of the iron electronic structure, with a quadrupole (E1-E1 event) and a hexadecapole (E2-E2 event) contributing T&T scattering, plus a magnetic dipole (E1-E1).	May 2014
I16-Materials and Magnetism	Chiral properties of BiFeO3 inferred from resonant X-ray Bragg diffraction Angel Rodriguez-Fernandez , Stephen Lovesey , Stephen P. Collins , Gareth Nisbet , Jesus A. Blanco Journal Of The Physical Society Of Japan 83 (1), 013706 DOI: 10.7566/JPSJ.83.013706 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [7720] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: A new chiral phase of ferric ions in bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3), the only material known to support multiferroic behaviour at room temperature, is inferred from extensive sets of data gathered by resonant x-ray diffraction. Values of all ferric multipoles participating in a minimal model of Fe electronic structure are deduced from azimuthal-angle scans. Paramagnetic (700 K) and magnetically ordered (300 K) phases of a single crystal of BiFeO3 have been studied with x-rays tuned near to the iron K-edge (7.1135 keV). At both temperatures, intensities at a Bragg spot forbidden in the nominal space-group, R3c, are consistent with a chiral motif of ferric ions in a circular cycloid propagating along (1, 1, 0)H. Templeton and Templeton scattering at 700 K is attributed in part to charge-like quadrupoles in a cycloid.	Dec 2013

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