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Open Access
Abstract: Diamond Light Source is the UK's national synchrotron facility, entering user operation in 2007 with seven beamlines. With 33 operational beamlines, it has delivered user operations for over 10 years. During this time, Diamond has had to adapt its model of delivering software and hardware solutions to the rapidly expanding number of beamlines. Bespoke per-beamline solutions were possible with the initial seven beamlines, but as the number of beamlines grew, this has been harder to sustain.
In 2014, Diamond decided to provide a unified software and hardware solution to several new and existing beamlines [1] R. Walton et al., Mapping developments at Diamond, Proceedings of ICA-LEPCS2015, Melbourne, Australia (2015).
[Google Scholar]
, in order to reduce the overall cost of ownership of these systems. By pooling the resources, a software and hardware stack which was highly capable was developed. These beamlines were primarily engaged in mapping X-ray probe experiments, but with differences in detectors, micro- or nanopositioning stage requirements and, ultimately, the science case.
Mapping, or scanning-probe, beamlines conduct a usually rapid series of identical experiments, where the only variable is the spatial position of the X-ray micro- or nanoprobe relative to the sample. Typically at synchrotrons, this involves moving the sample and not the beam, and the pattern traversed by the sample is dependent on the experiment being conducted, but is often an alternating direction raster scan, or snake scan.
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Sep 2018
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B18-Core EXAFS
I18-Microfocus Spectroscopy
I20-EDE-Energy Dispersive EXAFS (EDE)
I20-Scanning-X-ray spectroscopy (XAS/XES)
Controls
Detectors
Optics
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Sofia
Diaz-moreno
,
Monica
Amboage
,
Mark
Basham
,
Roberto
Boada
,
Nicholas E.
Bricknell
,
Giannantonio
Cibin
,
Thomas
Cobb
,
Jacob
Filik
,
Adam
Freeman
,
Kalotina
Geraki
,
Diego
Gianolio
,
Shusaku
Hayama
,
Konstantin
Ignatyev
,
Luke
Keenan
,
Iuliia
Mikulska
,
J. Frederick W.
Mosselmans
,
James J.
Mudd
,
Stephen A.
Parry
Open Access
Abstract: This manuscript presents the current status and technical details of the Spectroscopy Village at Diamond Light Source. The Village is formed of four beamlines: I18, B18, I20-Scanning and I20-EDE. The village provides the UK community with local access to a hard X-ray microprobe, a quick-scanning multi-purpose XAS beamline, a high-intensity beamline for X-ray absorption spectroscopy of dilute samples and X-ray emission spectroscopy, and an energy-dispersive extended X-ray absorption fine-structure beamline. The optics of B18, I20-scanning and I20-EDE are detailed; moreover, recent developments on the four beamlines, including new detector hardware and changes in acquisition software, are described.
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Jul 2018
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I12-JEEP: Joint Engineering, Environmental and Processing
I16-Materials and Magnetism
I22-Small angle scattering & Diffraction
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J.
Filik
,
A. W.
Ashton
,
P. C. Y.
Chang
,
P. A.
Chater
,
S. J.
Day
,
M.
Drakopoulos
,
M. W.
Gerring
,
M. L.
Hart
,
O. V.
Magdysyuk
,
S.
Michalik
,
A.
Smith
,
C. C.
Tang
,
N. J.
Terrill
,
M. T.
Wharmby
,
H.
Wilhelm
Diamond Proposal Number(s):
[12735, 10311]
Abstract: software package for the calibration and processing of powder X-ray diffraction and small-angle X-ray scattering data is presented. It provides a multitude of data processing and visualization tools as well as a command-line scripting interface for on-the-fly processing and the incorporation of complex data treatment tasks. Customizable processing chains permit the execution of many data processing steps to convert a single image or a batch of raw two-dimensional data into meaningful data and one-dimensional diffractograms. The processed data files contain the full data provenance of each process applied to the data. The calibration routines can run automatically even for high energies and also for large detector tilt angles. Some of the functionalities are highlighted by specific use cases.
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Jun 2017
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B22-Multimode InfraRed imaging And Microspectroscopy
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Diamond Proposal Number(s):
[13027, 13323]
Abstract: For the first time, infrared spectra on the sub-wavelength scale have been delivered by a synchrotron-radiation-induced thermal expansion technique. The novel experimental result was achieved by coupling an atomic force microscope (AFM) to an infrared (IR) beamline at the UK's national synchrotron facility, Diamond Light Source. Via broadband synchrotron illumination and an AFM sub-micron tip, molecular IR spectra were obtained by detecting a resonance-enhanced (RE) photothermal signal with spatial resolution beyond the diffraction limit. Together with results on synchrotron IR nanoscopy in scattering mode from the IR beamline at the Advanced Light Source two years ago, the Diamond photothermal nanoprobe approach moves vibrational analysis beyond the diffraction limit and into nanoscale absorption spectroscopy.
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Aug 2016
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B22-Multimode InfraRed imaging And Microspectroscopy
Optics
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Diamond Proposal Number(s):
[8960, 10407]
Open Access
Abstract: In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate the use of infrared synchrotron radiation (IR-SR) as a broadband source for photothermal near-field infrared spectroscopy. We assess two methods of signal transduction; cantilever resonant thermal expansion and scanning thermal microscopy. By means of rapid mechanical chopping (50-150 kHz), we modulate the IR-SR at rates matching the contact resonance frequencies of atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilevers, allowing us to record interferograms yielding Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) photothermal absorption spectra of polystyrene and cyanoacrylate films. Complementary offline measurements using a mechanically chopped CW IR laser confirmed that the resonant thermal expansion IR-SR measurements were below the diffraction limit, with a spatial resolution better than 500 nm achieved at a wavelength of 6 μm, i.e. λ/12 for the samples studied. Despite achieving the highest signal to noise so far for a scanning thermal microscopy measurement under conditions approaching near-field (dictated by thermal diffusion), the IR-SR resonant photothermal expansion FT-IR spectra measured were significantly higher in signal to noise in comparison with the scanning thermal data.
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Jan 2016
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Data acquisition
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Rob
Walton
,
Alun
Ashton
,
Mark
Basham
,
Peter
Chang
,
Tom
Cobb
,
S
Da Graca
,
Andrew
Dent
,
Jacob
Filik
,
Matt
Gerring
,
Charles
Mita
,
James
Mudd
,
C M
Palmer
,
U
Pederson
,
Paul
Quinn
,
Nick
Rees
Open Access
Abstract: Many synchrotron beamlines offer some form of
continuous scanning for either energy scanning or sample
mapping. However, this is normally done on an ad-hoc
beamline by beamline basis. Diamond has recently
embarked on an ambitious project to define how to
implement continuous scanning as the standard way of
doing virtually all mapping tasks on beamlines. The
project is split into four main areas: 1) User interfaces to
describe the mapping process in a scientifically relevant
way, generating a scan description that can be used later;
2) The physical process of scanning and coordinating
hardware motion and detector data capture across the
beamline; 3) Capture of the detector data and all the
associated meta-data to disk, deciding and describing the
layout of the file (or files) for the main use cases; 4)
Display and analysis of live data and display of processed
data. In order to achieve this common approach across
beamlines, the standard software used throughout the
facility (Delta Tau motor controllers, EPICS, GDA and
DAWN), has been built on.
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Oct 2015
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Rob
Walton
,
Alun
Ashton
,
Mark
Basham
,
Peter
Chang
,
Tom
Cobb
,
S
Da Graca
,
Andrew
Dent
,
Jacob
Filik
,
Matt
Gerring
,
Charles
Mita
,
James
Mudd
,
C M
Palmer
,
Ulrik
Pedersen
,
Paul
Quinn
,
Nick
Rees
Open Access
Abstract: Many synchrotron beamlines offer some form of
continuous scanning for either energy scanning or sample
mapping. However, this is normally done on an ad-hoc
beamline by beamline basis. Diamond has recently
embarked on an ambitious project to define how to
implement continuous scanning as the standard way of
doing virtually all mapping tasks on beamlines. The
project is split into four main areas: 1) User interfaces to
describe the mapping process in a scientifically relevant
way, generating a scan description that can be used later;
2) The physical process of scanning and coordinating
hardware motion and detector data capture across the
beamline; 3) Capture of the detector data and all the
associated meta-data to disk, deciding and describing the
layout of the file (or files) for the main use cases; 4)
Display and analysis of live data and display of processed
data. In order to achieve this common approach across
beamlines, the standard software used throughout the
facility (Delta Tau motor controllers, EPICS, GDA and
DAWN), has been built on.
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Oct 2015
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I06-Nanoscience
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Mark
Basham
,
Jacob
Filik
,
Michael
Wharmby
,
Peter
Chang
,
Baha
El Kassaby
,
Matt
Gerring
,
Jun
Aishima
,
Karl
Levik
,
Bill
Pulford
,
Irakli
Sikharulidze
,
Duncan
Sneddon
,
Matthew
Webber
,
Sarnjeet
Dhesi
,
Francesco
Maccherozzi
,
Olof
Svensson
,
Sandor
Brockhauser
,
Gabor
Náray
,
Alun
Ashton
Open Access
Abstract: Synchrotron light source facilities worldwide generate terabytes of data in numerous incompatible data formats from a wide range of experiment types. The Data Analysis WorkbeNch (DAWN) was developed to address the challenge of providing a single visualization and analysis platform for data from any synchrotron experiment (including single-crystal and powder diffraction, tomography and spectroscopy), whilst also being sufficiently extensible for new specific use case analysis environments to be incorporated (e.g. ARPES, PEEM). In this work, the history and current state of DAWN are presented, with two case studies to demonstrate specific functionality. The first is an example of a data processing and reduction problem using the generic tools, whilst the second shows how these tools can be targeted to a specific scientifc area.
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May 2015
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B18-Core EXAFS
I18-Microfocus Spectroscopy
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Diamond Proposal Number(s):
[4939]
Open Access
Abstract: The physicochemical state of a catalyst is a key factor in determining both activity and selectivity; however these materials are often not structurally or compositionally homogeneous. Here we report on the 3-dimensional imaging of an industrial catalyst, Mo- promoted colloidal Pt supported on carbon. The distribution of both the active Pt species and Mo promoter have been mapped over a single particle of catalyst using microfocus X-ray Fluorescence computed tomography. X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure revealed a mixed local coordination environment, including the presence of both metallic Pt clusters and Pt chloride species, but also no direct interaction between the catalyst and Mo promoter. We also report on the benefits of scanning μ-XANES computed tomography for chemical imaging, allowing for 2- and 3-dimensional mapping of the local electronic and geometric environment, in this instance for both the Pt catalyst and Mo promoter throughout the catalyst particle.
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Nov 2014
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Abstract: Over the last few years, significant scientific insight on the effects of chemotherapy drugs at cellular level using synchrotron-based FTIR (S-FTIR) microspectroscopy has been obtained. The work carried out so far has identified spectral differences in cancer cells before and after the addition of drugs. However, this had to account for the following issues. First, chemotherapy agents cause both chemical and morphological changes in cells, the latter being responsible for changes in the spectral profile not correlated with biochemical characteristics. Second, as the work has been carried out in mixed populations of cells (resistant and sensitive), it is important to distinguish the spectral differences which are due to sensitivity/resistance to those due to cell morphology and/or cell mixture. Here, we successfully cloned resistant and sensitive lung cancer cells to a chemotherapy drug. This allowed us to study a more uniform population and, more important, allowed us to study sensitive and resistant cells prior to the addition of the drug with S-FTIR microscopy. Principal component analysis (PCA) did not detect major differences in resistant cells prior to and after adding the drug. However, PCA separated sensitive cells prior to and after the addition of the drug. This would indicate that the spectral differences between cells prior to and after adding a drug might reside on those more or less sensitive cells that have been able to remain alive when they were collected to be studied with S-FTIR microspectroscopy. This is a proof of concept and a feasibility study showing a methodology that opens a new way to identify the effects of drugs on more homogeneous cell populations using vibrational spectroscopy
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May 2014
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