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Instruments / Technical Area	Publication Details	Published
I03-Macromolecular Crystallography	The ZT biopolymer: A self-assembling protein scaffold for stem cell applications Yevheniia Nesterenko , Christopher J. Hill , Jennifer R. Fleming , Patricia Murray , Olga Mayans International Journal Of Molecular Sciences 20 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174299 Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The development of cell culture systems for the naturalistic propagation, self-renewal and differentiation of cells ex vivo is a high goal of molecular engineering. Despite significant success in recent years, the high cost of up-scaling cultures, the need for xeno-free culture conditions, and the degree of mimicry of the natural extracellular matrix attainable in vitro using designer substrates continue to pose obstacles to the translation of cell-based technologies. In this regard, the ZT biopolymer is a protein-based, stable, scalable, and economical cell substrate of high promise. ZT is based on the naturally occurring assembly of two human proteins: titin-Z1Z2 and telethonin. These protein building blocks are robust scaffolds that can be conveniently functionalized with full-length proteins and bioactive peptidic motifs by genetic manipulation, prior to self-assembly. The polymer is, thereby, fully encodable. Functionalized versions of the ZT polymer have been shown to successfully sustain the long-term culturing of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), and murine mesenchymal stromal cells (mMSCs). Pluripotency of hESCs and hiPSCs was retained for the longest period assayed (4 months). Results point to the large potential of the ZT system for the creation of a modular, pluri-functional biomaterial for cell-based applications.	Sep 2019
I03-Macromolecular Crystallography	Self‐assembling proteins as high‐performance substrates for embryonic stem cell self‐renewal Christopher J. Hill , Jennifer R. Fleming , Masoumeh Mousavinejad , Rachael Nicholson , Svetomir B. Tzokov , Per A. Bullough , Julijus Bogomolovas , Mark R. Morgan , Olga Mayans , Patricia Murray Advanced Materials 31 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201807521 Diamond Proposal Number(s): [7146] Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: The development of extracellular matrix mimetics that imitate niche stem cell microenvironments and support cell growth for technological applications is intensely pursued. Specifically, mimetics are sought that can enact control over the self‐renewal and directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) for clinical use. Despite considerable progress in the field, a major impediment to the clinical translation of hPSCs is the difficulty and high cost of large‐scale cell production under xeno‐free culture conditions using current matrices. Here, a bioactive, recombinant, protein‐based polymer, termed ZTFn, is presented that closely mimics human plasma fibronectin and serves as an economical, xeno‐free, biodegradable, and functionally adaptable cell substrate. The ZTFn substrate supports with high performance the propagation and long‐term self‐renewal of human embryonic stem cells while preserving their pluripotency. The ZTFn polymer can, therefore, be proposed as an efficient and affordable replacement for fibronectin in clinical grade cell culturing. Further, it can be postulated that the ZT polymer has significant engineering potential for further orthogonal functionalization in complex cell applications.	Mar 2019
B18-Core EXAFS	SPIONs for cell labelling and tracking using MRI: magnetite or maghemite? Michael Barrow , Arthur Taylor , Ana M. Fuentes-Caparrós , Jack Sharkey , Luke Daniels , Pranab Mandal , B. Kevin Park , Patricia Murray , Matthew Rosseinsky , Dave J. Adams Biomaterials Science 6, 101 - 106 DOI: 10.1039/C7BM00515F Diamond Proposal Number(s): [14239] Open Access Show Abstract ▼ Abstract: Although there is extensive literature covering the biomedical applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), the phase of the iron oxide core used is not often taken into account when cell labelling and tracking studies for regenerative medicine are considered. Here, we use a co-precipitation reaction to synthesise particles of both magnetite- (Fe3O4) and maghemite- (γ-Fe2O3) based cores and consider whether the extra synthesis step to make maghemite based particles is advantageous for cell tracking.	Nov 2017

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